‘Severe malnutrition’: thinking deeply, communicating simply
‘Severe malnutrition’: thinking deeply, communicating simply
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“严重营养不良”：深入思考，简单沟通
作者：
Marko Kerac;M. McGrath;Nicholas O. Connell;Chytanya Kompala;W. H. Moore;J. Bailey;R. Bandsma;J. Berkley;A. Briend;S. Collins;T. Girma;J. Wells
#汇总框
1在实现可持续发展目标2（消除饥饿）方面的进展已经缓慢，但与冠状病毒有关的次级影响现在威胁着营养危机，这些危机被描述为：
圣经，类固醇，跨代。
为了有效的行动，有效的沟通很重要。营养不良涉及大量复杂的技术术语。有时，它有助于超越细节，在更广泛的范围内考虑问题，特别是在与政策制定者，资助者和公众等非专业利益相关者接触时。他们可能不想知道全部的技术细节，但他们应该：
关注营养不良，我们认为，一个简单的总括术语，“严重营养不良”将有利于未来的沟通和宣传工作。
定义问题对于有效的行动/评估至关重要。评估个体和人群营养状况通常涉及人体测量。3测量结果（例如体重）通过与参考人群（例如WHO生长标准，描述健康儿童应如何生长的“黄金标准”）进行比较的指数（例如年龄别体重）进行解释。目前的术语概述如下。
经常被忽视的是营养不良的完整定义：“能量、蛋白质或其他营养素缺乏、过量或不平衡的任何状况.对身体机能和/或临床结果产生不利影响”。4因此会出现问题。
#过分关注体型
单独一个人非常小（短或瘦）...
### Summary box
Malnutrition affects millions worldwide and underlies almost half of deaths in children aged <5 years.1 Progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 2 (End hunger) was already slow but coronavirus-related secondary impacts now threaten nutritional crises described as:
Biblical, on steroids, across generations .2
Towards effective actions, effective communication matters. Malnutrition involves a plethora of complex technical terminology. Sometimes it helps to go beyond details and consider problems at broader scale, especially when engaging with non-specialist stakeholders like policymakers, funders and the public. These may not wish to know full technical nuances, but they should:
Focusing on undernutrition, we argue that a simple umbrella term, ‘Severe Malnutrition’ would benefit future communication and advocacy efforts.
Defining a problem is vital for effective action/evaluation. Assessing both individual and population nutritional status typically involves anthropometry.3 Measurements (eg, weight) are interpreted through indices (eg, weight-for-age) in comparison with reference populations (eg, WHO Growth Standards, a ‘gold standard’ describing how healthy children should grow). Current terminology is summarised below.1
Often neglected is the full definition of malnutrition: ‘Any condition in which deficiency, excess or imbalance of energy, protein or other nutrients…adversely affects body function and/or clinical outcome’.4 Problems consequently arise.
### Undue focus on body size
Being severely small (short or thin) alone …