THE ECONOMICS OF THE LAW OF EFFECT
THE ECONOMICS OF THE LAW OF EFFECT
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DOI：
10.1901/jeab.1986.46-113
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发表时间：
1986-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
KAUFMAN, LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COLLIER, GH;JOHNSON, DF;KAUFMAN, LW
效应定律的一个推论是，强化越大，反应的速度就越快。然而，动物必须吃更多的小部分比大部分，以获得相同的每日摄入量，因此，人们可以预测，当吃更小的部分时，高效的动物会吃得更少（节省时间和能量）和/或反应更快（节省时间）。后者的这些预测是支持本实验与自由喂养的大鼠部分大小（颗粒大小或持续时间的饲养介绍）和部分价格在膳食中的变化。反应率是食物单价（反应/克）的函数：当食物量较小或价格较高时，大鼠反应更快。膳食的大小和频率相对不受单位价格，但影响的价格用餐开始。结果进行了讨论，在传统的操作和自由喂养的范例之间的经济差异，传统的和最近的配方的法律效果。
A corollary of the law of effect predicts that the larger the reinforcement, the greater the rate of responding. However, an animal must eat more small portions than large portions to obtain the same daily intake, and one would predict, therefore, that when eating smaller portions an efficient animal would eat less (conserving time and energy) and/or respond faster (conserving time). The latter of these predictions was supported by the present experiments with free-feeding rats for which portion size (pellet size or duration of feeder presentation) and portion price within meals were varied. Response rate was a function of the unit price (responses/g) of food: Rats responded faster when portions were smaller or when prices were higher. Meal size and frequency were relatively unaffected by unit price, but were influenced by the price of meal initiation. The results are discussed in relation to the economic differences between traditional operant and free-feeding paradigms and to both traditional and more recent formulations of the law of effect.