Potential bacterial alteration of nuclear fuel debris: a preliminary study using simulants in powder and pellet forms
Potential bacterial alteration of nuclear fuel debris: a preliminary study using simulants in powder and pellet forms
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DOI：
10.1007/s10967-022-08324-y
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Jiangxue Liu;Yuma Dotsuta;Takehiro Sumita;T. Kitagaki;T. Ohnuki;N. Kozai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiangxue Liu;Yuma Dotsuta;Takehiro Sumita;T. Kitagaki;T. Ohnuki;N. Kozai
福岛第一核电站受损核反应堆中残留的核燃料碎片已经与含有微生物的地下水接触了十多年。在此，我们报告了细菌改变燃料碎屑的可能性。我们通过暴露于两种普遍存在的细菌，荧光假单胞菌和枯草芽孢杆菌，研究了粉末和颗粒形式的燃料碎片模拟剂（FDS）的物理和化学变化，这两种细菌在有氧条件下不被认为是金属元素氧化（例如铁氧化）细菌。实验采用由Fe(0)粉末、ceo2和ZrO2固溶体和SiO2组成的FDS， Ce、Zr和Si几乎不溶解，而Fe被溶解，溶解的Fe部分以Fe（II）和Fe（III）的形式存在于液相中，其余部分以铁（氢）氧化物的纳米颗粒形式析出。实验中使用p。将Fe(0)颗粒与ceo2和ZrO2固溶体熔融制备荧光颗粒和FDS颗粒片，细菌选择性聚集在Fe(0)颗粒表面并形成腐蚀坑。这些结果表明，地下水中的细菌腐蚀了FDNPP燃料碎屑中的铁，使燃料碎屑变成多孔的，并将纳米级的氧化铁颗粒释放到水中。
Remnant nuclear fuel debris in the damaged nuclear reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) has contacted the groundwater containing microorganisms for over ten years. Herein, we report the possibility of bacterial alteration of fuel debris. We investigated the physical and chemical changes of fuel debris simulants (FDS) in the powder and pellet forms via exposure to two ubiquitous bacteria,Pseudomonas fluorescensandBacillus subtilis, which are not recognized as metal element-oxidative (e.g., iron-oxidative) bacteria under aerobic conditions. In the experiments using FDS composed of the powders of Fe(0), solid solution of CeO2and ZrO2, and SiO2, Ce, Zr, and Si were hardly dissolved, while Fe was dissolved, a fraction of the dissolved Fe was present in the liquid phase as Fe(II) and Fe(III), and the rest was precipitated as the nano-sized particles of iron (hydr)oxides. In the experiment usingP. fluorescensand FDS pellet pieces prepared by melting the Fe(0) particles and solid solution of CeO2and ZrO2, the bacteria selectively gathered on the Fe(0) particle surface and made corrosion pits. These results suggest that bacteria in groundwater corrode the iron in fuel debris at FDNPP, change fuel debris into porous one, releasing the nano-sized iron (hydr)oxide particles into the water.