INCIDENCE OF AND RISK-FACTORS FOR FALLS AND INJURIOUS FALLS AMONG THE COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY
INCIDENCE OF AND RISK-FACTORS FOR FALLS AND INJURIOUS FALLS AMONG THE COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116681
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发表时间：
1993-02-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
SUISSA, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
OLOUGHLIN, JL;ROBITAILLE, Y;SUISSA, S
为了确定非机构化老年人福尔斯和损伤性福尔斯的频率和危险因素，作者对1987年5月至1988年10月加拿大魁北克蒙特利尔中西部409名65岁或以上的社区居民进行了随访研究。在首次家庭访谈后，每4周一次电话联系每例受试者，持续48周，以收集自上次联系以来发生的福尔斯跌倒数据。12次随访访谈均由至少90%符合访谈条件的受试者完成。还在随时间变化的接触的后续访谈中收集了数据。29%的受试者在随访期间跌倒; 17.6%跌倒一次，11.5%跌倒两次或更多次。福尔斯的发生率为41.4福尔斯/1,000人月。大多数福尔斯跌倒未造成损伤或仅造成轻伤。调查的潜在风险因素包括社会人口学变量、体力活动、饮酒、急性和慢性健康问题、头晕、行动不便和药物。多变量分析显示，以下因素与福尔斯发生率增加具有统计学显著相关性：头晕（发病率比（IRR）= 2.0），频繁体力活动（内部收益率= 2.0），由于健康问题而限制活动的天数（IRR = 1.8），行走400米困难（IRR = 1.6），弯腰困难（IRR = 1.4）。保护因素包括身体活动的多样性（IRR = 0.6），每日饮酒量（IRR = 0.5），由于健康问题而卧床不起的天数（IRR = 0.5）和服用心脏药物（IRR = 0.6）。伤害性福尔斯跌倒的风险因素相似。
To determine the frequency of and risk factors for falls and injurious falls in the noninstitutionalized elderly, the authors conducted a follow-up study of 409 community-dwelling persons aged 65 years or more in west-central Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from May 1987 to October 1988. Following an initial at-home interview, each subject was telephoned every 4 weeks for 48 weeks for collection of data on falls experienced since the last contact. Each of the 12 follow-up interviews was completed by at least 90% of the subjects eligible for interview. Data were also collected in the follow-up interviews on time-varying exposures. Twenty-nine percent of the subjects fell during follow-up; 17.6% fell once, and 11.5% fell two or more times. The incidence rate for falls was 41.4 falls per 1,000 person-months. The majority of falls resulted in no injury or in minor injury only. Potential risk factors investigated included sociodemographic variables, physical activity, alcohol consumption, acute and chronic health problems, dizziness, mobility, and medications. Multivariate analyses showed that the following factors were statistically significantly associated with an increased rate of falls: dizziness (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 2.0), frequent physical activity (IRR = 2.0), having days on which activities were limited because of a health problem (IRR = 1.8), having trouble walking 400 m (IRR = 1.6), and having trouble bending down (IRR = 1.4). Factors which were protective included diversity of physical activities (IRR = 0.6), daily alcohol consumption (IRR = 0.5), having days spent in bed because of a health problem (IRR = 0.5), and taking heart medication (IRR = 0.6). Risk factors for injurious falls were similar.