Verticillium transcription activator of adhesion Vta2 suppresses microsclerotia formation and is required for systemic infection of plant roots.
Verticillium transcription activator of adhesion Vta2 suppresses microsclerotia formation and is required for systemic infection of plant roots.
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DOI：
10.1111/nph.12671
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发表时间：
2014-04
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Van-Tuan Tran;S. Braus-Stromeyer;H. Kusch;Michael Reusche;A. Kaever;Anika Kühn;O. Valerius;Manuel Lan
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作者：
Van-Tuan Tran;S. Braus-Stromeyer;H. Kusch;Michael Reusche;A. Kaever;Anika Kühn;O. Valerius;Manuel Lan
通过遗传筛选分离了黄萎病病原菌的六个转录调控基因，该基因对非粘附芽酵母进行重新编程以黏附，以确定植物早期感染的控制元件。黄萎菌黏附转录激活因子Vta2在丝状真菌中高度保守，但在酵母菌中不存在。稻瘟病菌分生孢子调节剂Con7控制附着体的形成，而附着体是黄萎菌所没有的。采用遗传学、细胞生物学、转录组学、分泌组蛋白质组学和植物致病力测定等方法对Vta2进行了分析。核Vta2激活编码粘附素的酵母絮凝素基因FLO1和FLO11的表达。Vta2是黄萎菌真菌生长所必需的，在那里它是分生孢子的正调控因子。Vta2对于作为静止结构的微菌核的精确计时和抑制是必需的。Vta2控制270个转录本的表达，包括10个粘附素和57个分泌蛋白的推测基因。Vta2控制着125种分泌蛋白质的水平，包括推测的粘附素或效应分子以及分泌的过氧化氢酶-过氧化物酶。Vta2是真菌致病的主要调节因子，控制寄主植物的根侵染和H2 O2的解毒。在Vta2中受损的黄萎病不能在植物上定殖并引起疾病症状。Vta2是控制这些血管病原体生长和发育的一个有趣的靶点。
Six transcription regulatory genes of the Verticillium plant pathogen, which reprogrammed nonadherent budding yeasts for adhesion, were isolated by a genetic screen to identify control elements for early plant infection. Verticillium transcription activator of adhesion Vta2 is highly conserved in filamentous fungi but not present in yeasts. The Magnaporthe grisea ortholog conidiation regulator Con7 controls the formation of appressoria which are absent in Verticillium species. Vta2 was analyzed by using genetics, cell biology, transcriptomics, secretome proteomics and plant pathogenicity assays. Nuclear Vta2 activates the expression of the adhesin-encoding yeast flocculin genes FLO1 and FLO11. Vta2 is required for fungal growth of Verticillium where it is a positive regulator of conidiation. Vta2 is mandatory for accurate timing and suppression of microsclerotia as resting structures. Vta2 controls expression of 270 transcripts, including 10 putative genes for adhesins and 57 for secreted proteins. Vta2 controls the level of 125 secreted proteins, including putative adhesins or effector molecules and a secreted catalase-peroxidase. Vta2 is a major regulator of fungal pathogenesis, and controls host-plant root infection and H2 O2 detoxification. Verticillium impaired in Vta2 is unable to colonize plants and induce disease symptoms. Vta2 represents an interesting target for controlling the growth and development of these vascular pathogens.