Temporal and spatial expression of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the brain of developing zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Temporal and spatial expression of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the brain of developing zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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DOI：
10.1016/s1567-133x(03)00149-2
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Whitlock, KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gopinath, A;Tseng, LA;Whitlock, KE
促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)是一种神经内分泌十肽，存在于所有脊椎动物中。对促性腺激素释放激素最了解的功能是它作为一种作用于脑下垂体的释放激素的内分泌功能。但促性腺激素释放激素也在神经系统内发挥神经调节剂的作用。在特定物种中，GnRH以各种形式出现，根据蛋白质/基因在大脑中的表达模式和氨基酸序列分为三大类。鲑鱼促性腺激素释放激素(SGnRH)存在于末梢神经中，具有神经调节功能。SGnRH形式在许多鱼类中也是下丘脑形式，尽管一些鱼在下丘脑中有物种特有的形式。最后，鸡促性腺激素释放激素-II(cGnRH-II)是最保守的形式，在中脑中被发现，其功能尚不清楚。在此，我们从斑马鱼中克隆了sGnRH和cGnRH-II基因。通过斑马鱼胚胎发育的阶段特异性原位杂交，我们描述了这些基因的空间和时间表达模式。SGnRH和cGnRH-II表达细胞的定位与以往报道的GnRH在成鱼脑中的分布一致。我们的结果首次提供了GnRH基因表达的发育描述，其中cGnRH-II和sGnRH最初在受精后第一天开始表达。与已报道的许多成鱼不同，我们没有发现sGnRH在发育过程中在下丘脑种群中表达。(C)2003爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a neuroendocrine decapeptide found in all vertebrate animals. The best understood function of GnRH is its endocrine function as a releasing hormone acting on the pituitary. But GnRH also functions as a neuromodulator within the nervous system. In a given species, GnRH occurs in a variety of forms that fall into three general categories based on pattern of protein/gene expression in the brain and amino acid sequence. The salmon GnRH (sGnRH), is found in the terminal nerve, where it has a neuromodulatory function. The sGnRH form is also the hypothalamic form in many fishes, although some fishes have a species specific form in the hypothalamus. Finally, chicken-GnRH-II (cGnRH-II), the most highly conserved form, is found in the midbrain where its function remains unclear. Here we have cloned the sGnRH and cGnRH-II cDNAs from zebrafish. By conducting stage specific in situ hybridization in developing zebrafish embryos, we provide a description of the spatial and temporal expression patterns of these genes. The location of sGnRH and cGnRH-II expressing cells is in agreement with previous reports of GnRH in the brains of adult fishes. Our results provide the first developmental description of GnRH gene expression where cGnRH-II and sGnRH are initially expressed at the onset of the first day after fertilization. Unlike what has been reported in many adult fishes, we did not find sGnRH expressed in the hypothalamic population during development. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.