A camera and multisensor automated station design for polar physical and biological systems monitoring: AMIGOS
A camera and multisensor automated station design for polar physical and biological systems monitoring: AMIGOS
复制标题
用于极地物理和生物系统监测的摄像机和多传感器自动化站设计：AMIGOS
作者：
Ted A. Scambos;R. Ross;T. Haran;R. Bauer;D. G. Ainley;K. Seo;M. D. Keyser;A. Behar;D. Macayeal
自动气象-冰/土著物种-地球物理观测系统（AMIGOS）由一套测量仪器和摄像机组成，由一台单板计算机控制，该计算机具有简化的Linux操作系统和支持双向通信的铱卫星调制解调器。该系统与极地作业有关的主要特点是低功率要求、每日数据上传、重新编程、低温耐受性以及自动复位和从低功率或冷停机恢复的各种方法。仪器包括一个小型气象站、单频或双频全球定位系统、太阳通量和反射率传感器、声波测雪仪、简化的无线电回声测深仪和装在雪柱中的电阻温度计。在目前的发展状况下，有两种基本的设计。其中一个用于冰川状况的现场观测。另一个支持高分辨率相机，用于短距离（100米至20公里）监测生物或地球物理系统。这些观测站已成功地用于若干地点的业务支持，监测因气候变化或冰山漂移而引起的冰层迅速变化，并监测企鹅群的活动。截至2012年8月，已安装了9个AMIGOS系统，全部位于南极大陆或周围海洋。
Abstract The Automated Meteorology–Ice/Indigenous species–Geophysics Observation System (AMIGOS) consists of a set of measurement instruments and camera(s) controlled by a single-board computer with a simplified Linux operating system and an Iridium satellite modem supporting two-way communication. Primary features of the system relevant to polar operations are low power requirements, daily data uploading, reprogramming, tolerance for low temperatures, and various approaches for automatic resets and recovery from low power or cold shutdown. Instruments include a compact weather station, single- or dual-frequency GPS, solar flux and reflectivity sensors, sonic snow gauges, simplified radio-echo sounder, and resistance thermometer string in the firn column. In the current state of development, there are two basic designs. One is intended for in situ observations of glacier conditions. The other supports a high-resolution camera for monitoring biological or geophysical systems from short distances (100 m to 20 km). The stations have been successfully used in several locations for operational support, monitoring rapid ice changes in response to climate change or iceberg drift, and monitoring penguin colony activity. As of August 2012, there are nine AMIGOS systems installed, all on the Antarctic continent or in the surrounding ocean.