Supramolecular Assemblies of Amphiphilic Homopolymers
Supramolecular Assemblies of Amphiphilic Homopolymers
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DOI：
10.1021/la900734d
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Thayumanavan, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kale, Tejaswini S.;Klaikherd, Akamol;Thayumanavan, S.
两亲性分子在溶剂中自组装是由于亲水性和亲脂性官能团的不同溶剂化作用。小分子表面活性剂长期以来被认为在水中形成胶束，其可以在其水排斥的内部溶解亲脂性客体分子。还已知基于聚合物表面活性剂的油嵌段共聚物在水中形成几种类型的聚集体，这是由于嵌段的相互不相容性或溶剂对嵌段之一的更好的溶剂化。在聚合物中在较小的长度尺度上实现两亲性将提供一种途径来捕获大分子的有趣性质并精细化它们的超分子组装体。为了解决这个问题，我们设计并合成了单体中含有亲水性和亲脂性官能团的两亲性均聚物。这样的聚合物可以被想象成一串小分子表面活性剂，它们被拴在一起，使得亲水性和亲脂性官能团位于相对的面上，从而使组装体具有表面两亲性。这篇专题文章描述了我们的两亲性均聚物在极性和非极性溶剂中的自组装。这些均聚物不仅在水中形成胶束，而且在有机溶剂中形成反胶束。分子结构的细微变化已被证明在水中产生囊泡，在有机溶剂中产生反胶束。这些组件的特性和它们在分离，催化和传感中的应用在这里描述。
Amphiphilic molecules self-assemble in solvents because of the differential solvation of the hydrophilic and lipophilic functionalities. Small-molecule surfactants have long been known to form micelles in water that can solubilize lipophilic guest molecules in their water-excluded interior. Polymeric surfactants based oil block copolymers are also known to form several types of aggregates in water owing either to the mutual incompatibility of the blocks or better solvation of one of the blocks by the solvent. Incorporating amphiphilicity at smaller length scales in polymers would provide an avenue to capture the interesting properties of macromolecules and fine [tine their supramolecular assemblies. To address this issue, we designed and synthesized amphiphilic homopolymers containing hydrophilic and lipophilic functionalities in the monomer. Such a polymer can be imagined to be a string of small-molecule surfactants tethered together such that the hydrophilic and lipophilic functionalities are located on opposite faces, rendering the assemblies facially amphiphilic. This feature article describes the self-assembly of our amphiphilic homopolymers in polar and apolar solvents. These homopolymers not only form micelles in water but also form inverse micelles in organic solvents. Subtle changes to the molecular structure have been demonstrated to yield vesicles in water and inverted micelles in organic solvents. The characterization of these assemblies and their applications in separations, catalysis, and sensing are described here.