Endangered edible orchids and vulnerable gatherers in the context of HIV/AIDS in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania
Endangered edible orchids and vulnerable gatherers in the context of HIV/AIDS in the Southern Highlands of Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-4269-5-41
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Price, Lisa Leimar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Challe, Joyce F. X.;Price, Lisa Leimar
背景：坦桑尼亚是野生兰花生物多样性热点地区，艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率很高。研究中的野生兰花是特有的，受到《濒危物种国际贸易公约》的保护。然而，赞比亚每年消耗的兰花植物估计有 2.2 至 410 万株原产于坦桑尼亚。本研究探讨了艾滋病毒/艾滋病野生食用兰花采集者和非艾滋病毒/艾滋病采集者在采集频率、命名各种兰花的显着性、收集知识获取以及对当前食用物种丰富度的看法方面的差异。方法：通过对靠近赞比亚边境的坦桑尼亚马克特地区的 224 名个人进行访谈收集数据。进行了免费列表并构建了 Sutrup 的文化意义指数 (CSI)。独立 t 检验用于比较受影响和未受影响采集者之间采集频率的差异。通过单向方差分析检验及其事后检验对 4 个亚组（受影响的成人和儿童，以及未受影响的成人和儿童）收集频率进行了多重比较。为了检验受影响和未受影响采集者在采集知识来源方面的差异，进行了卡方检验。结果：提到了 42 个采集兰花物种的乡土名称，对应于 Disa、Satyrium、Habenaria、Eulophia 和 Roeperocharis 属 7 个植物物种。 97% 的受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的家庭表示，兰花采集是他们的主要经济活动，而未受艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的家庭的这一比例为 9.7%。感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人聚集的频率明显高于未感染者。然而，艾滋病孤儿聚集的频率最高。采集者发现 7 个物种中的 6 个物种的丰度呈下降趋势。聚会活动主要以年龄为基础的同侪群体进行。结果显示，受影响者和未受影响者在知识收集来源方面存在显着差异。结论：艾滋病毒/艾滋病与对自然环境的依赖程度增加有关。对于最脆弱的人群（艾滋病孤儿，其次是艾滋病毒/艾滋病寡妇）来说，情况更是如此。
Background: Tanzania is a wild orchid biodiversity hotspot and has a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The wild orchids in the study are endemic and protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. Every year, however, between 2.2 and 4.1 million orchid plants consumed in Zambia are estimated as originating from Tanzania. This research examines the differences between HIV/AIDS wild edible orchid gatherers and non-HIV/AIDS gatherers with regards to the frequency of gathering, salience in naming the various orchids, gathering knowledge acquisition and perceptions regarding the current state of abundance of the edible species.Methods: Data was collected through interviews with 224 individuals in the Makete District of Tanzania close to the boarder of Zambia. Free-listings were conducted and Sutrup's Cultural Significance Index (CSI) constructed. The independent t-test was used to compare the differences in gathering frequencies between affected and non-affected gatherers. A multiple comparison of the 4 subgroups ( affected adults and children, and non-affected adults and children) in gathering frequencies was done with a one way ANOVA test and its post hoc test. To examine the difference between affected and non-affected gatherers difference in source of gathering knowledge, a chi square test was run.Results: Forty two vernacular names of gathered orchid species were mentioned corresponding to 7 botanical species belongs to genera Disa, Satyrium, Habenaria, Eulophia and Roeperocharis. Ninety-seven percent of HIV/AIDS affected households state that orchid gathering is their primary economic activity compared to non-HIV/AIDS affected households at 9.7 percent. The HIV/AIDS affected gathered significantly more often than the non-affected. AIDS orphans, however, gathered most frequently. Gatherers perceive a decreasing trend of abundance of 6 of the 7 species. Gathering activities were mainly performed in age based peer groups. The results revealed a significant difference between affected and non-affected individuals in terms of their source of gathering knowledge.Conclusions: HIV/AIDS is related to increased reliance on the natural environment. This appears even more so for the most vulnerable, the AIDS orphaned children followed by HIV/AIDS widows.