Illuminating the noncoding genome in cancer.

Illuminating the noncoding genome in cancer.
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阐明癌症中的非编码基因组。

DOI:
10.1038/s43018-020-00114-3
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
22.7
通讯作者:
Meyerson, Matthew
Meyerson, Matthew
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang, Xiaoyang;Meyerson, Matthew

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了解肿瘤发生的机制需要对癌症基因组进行全面注释。人类基因组的大部分由非编码区组成,含有调节蛋白质编码基因(包括原癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因)表达的功能元件。全基因组和长读长测序等技术提供了识别癌细胞非编码基因组变化的强大手段,为研究其功能相关性铺平了道路。最近对非编码改变的分析揭示了肿瘤发生、进展和治疗反应的其他机制,并发现了药物开发的新靶点。在这里,我们重点介绍非编码改变的最新发现,回顾研究这些改变的已建立和新兴的方法和模型,并讨论非编码改变作为治疗靶点的前景。
Understanding the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis requires comprehensive annotation of the cancer genome. The majority of the human genome consists of noncoding regions, harboring functional elements that regulate the expression of protein-coding genes, including proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Technologies such as whole-genome and long-read sequencing provide powerful means to identify alterations in the noncoding genome of cancer cells, paving the way for the study of their functional relevance. Recent analyses of noncoding alterations have revealed additional mechanisms underlying tumor development, progression, and response to therapies, and uncovered new targets for drug development. Here we highlight recent findings of noncoding alterations, review established and emerging methods and models for studying these alterations, and discuss the outlook for noncoding alterations as therapeutic targets.
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