Wireless Cortical Brain-Machine Interface for Whole-Body Navigation in Primates.
Wireless Cortical Brain-Machine Interface for Whole-Body Navigation in Primates.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep22170
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发表时间：
2016-03-03
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Nicolelis MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rajangam S;Tseng PH;Yin A;Lehew G;Schwarz D;Lebedev MA;Nicolelis MA
一些研究小组已经开发出脑机接口（bmi），使灵长类动物能够利用皮质活动来控制假肢。然而，皮质集成体是否能够代表全身导航的运动学，并用于操作在空间中连续移动轮椅的BMI，目前尚不清楚。在这里，我们展示了恒河猴可以学习驾驶机器人轮椅，使用它们的皮质活动作为主要的控制信号。两只猴子长期植入多通道微电极阵列，可以从运动前和感觉运动皮质神经元的集合中进行无线记录。最初，当猴子坐在机器人轮椅上时，被动导航被用来训练线性解码器，从皮质活动中提取二维轮椅运动学。接下来，猴子利用无线身体质量指数将它们的皮质活动转化为机器人轮椅的平移和旋转速度。随着时间的推移，猴子提高了驾驶轮椅前往葡萄奖励地点的能力。导航是由皮质神经元群调节到全身位移来完成的。在使用该装置的练习过程中，我们还注意到皮层对奖励位置距离的表征。这些结果表明，颅内bmi可以在未来恢复严重瘫痪患者的全身活动能力。
Several groups have developed brain-machine-interfaces (BMIs) that allow primates to use cortical activity to control artificial limbs. Yet, it remains unknown whether cortical ensembles could represent the kinematics of whole-body navigation and be used to operate a BMI that moves a wheelchair continuously in space. Here we show that rhesus monkeys can learn to navigate a robotic wheelchair, using their cortical activity as the main control signal. Two monkeys were chronically implanted with multichannel microelectrode arrays that allowed wireless recordings from ensembles of premotor and sensorimotor cortical neurons. Initially, while monkeys remained seated in the robotic wheelchair, passive navigation was employed to train a linear decoder to extract 2D wheelchair kinematics from cortical activity. Next, monkeys employed the wireless BMI to translate their cortical activity into the robotic wheelchair’s translational and rotational velocities. Over time, monkeys improved their ability to navigate the wheelchair toward the location of a grape reward. The navigation was enacted by populations of cortical neurons tuned to whole-body displacement. During practice with the apparatus, we also noticed the presence of a cortical representation of the distance to reward location. These results demonstrate that intracranial BMIs could restore whole-body mobility to severely paralyzed patients in the future.