Deficits in language-mediated mental operations in patients with schizophrenia
Deficits in language-mediated mental operations in patients with schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00194-3
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发表时间：
2002-01-15
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Jacob, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wexler, BE;Donegan, N;Jacob, SA
我们之前发现，通过注意力能力筛查测试的一组精神分裂症患者在单词记忆任务上表现出记忆缺陷，但在音调记忆任务上与对照组相当。为了更好地了解这一亚组患者特定语言记忆缺陷的性质，本实验旨在绕过早期对言语材料的知觉处理，并确定患者是否在言语记忆任务中继续表现出受损的表现。通过筛查测试的患者(鉴别者患者；DSZ)接受了四个系列位置任务。在两个实验中，呈现熟悉的声音或线条，并要求受试者记住与每个刺激项目相关的单词。在另外两组中，受试者接受难以标记的听觉和视觉刺激(鸟鸣或雪花)。当被要求记住与熟悉的声音或图画相关的单词时，DSZ患者表现出比对照组更大的记忆缺陷，这为语言记忆过程中独立于语言刺激的感觉处理提供了明确的证据。诊断和标记之间的交互作用非常显著，证实了这些患者在语言记忆方面比非语言记忆方面有特别的困难。这在听觉测试中尤其令人震惊，在鸟鸣测试中，两名患者的表现优于所有对照组，但在易于标记的声音测试中，他们的表现低于所有对照组。控制组的言语记忆测验比非言语记忆测验更容易被试发现，因此任务难度和缺陷专一性也就不同了。(C)2002 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。
We found previously that a subgroup of schizophrenic patients who passed screening tests of attentional competence showed memory deficits on word memory tasks, but were comparable with controls on tone memory tasks. To better understand the nature of language-specific memory deficits in this subgroup of patients, the present experiment was designed to bypass early perceptual processing of verbal material and determine if patients continue to show impaired performance on verbal memory tasks.Patients who passed the screening tests ('discriminator' patients; DSz) received four serial position tasks. In two, familiar sounds or line drawings were presented and subjects were required to remember the word associated with each stimulus item. In the other two, subjects received hard-to-label auditory and visual stimuli (birdsongs or snowflakes).DSz patients showed large memory deficits compared with controls when required to remember words associated with the familiar sounds or drawings, providing clear evidence of deficits in verbal memory processes independent of sensory processing of verbal stimuli. The interaction between diagnosis and labeling was highly significant, confirming that these patients have particular difficulty with verbal as opposed to non-verbal memory. This was particularly striking on the auditory tests where two patients out-performed all controls on the birdsong test, but were below all controls on the easy-to-label sounds test. The verbal memory tests were easier than the non-verbal memory tests for controls, thus deconfounding task difficulty and deficit specificity. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.