The state of emergentism in second language acquisition
The state of emergentism in second language acquisition
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第二语言习得中的突现论状态
DOI：
10.1191/0267658303sr213oa
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kevin R. Gregg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kevin R. Gregg
“涌现主义”是最近给一种一般的认知方法起的名字，它强调有机体和环境之间的相互作用，否认预先确定的、特定领域的能力或能力的存在。因此，涌现主义提供了一个替代模块，“特殊的本土主义”的思想理论，如普遍语法理论（UG）。在语言习得方面，涌现主义者声称，简单的学习机制（在认知学的其他领域得到证实）足以导致复杂语言表征的出现。在这篇文章中，我考虑并拒绝了一些经常提出的反对“特殊本土主义”的先验论点。然后，我看了一些关于第二语言习得（SLA）的紧急主义的论点和证据，并表明紧急主义到目前为止没有考虑到，更不用说击败“特殊本土主义”的标准刺激贫困论点了，同样也没有说明语言能力是如何“出现”的。
‘Emergentism’ is the name that has recently been given to a general approach to cognition that stresses the interaction between organism and environment and that denies the existence of pre-determined, domain-specific faculties or capacities. Emergentism thus offers itself as an alternative to modular, ‘special nativist’ theories of the mind, such as theories of Universal Grammar (UG). In language acquisition, emergentists claim that simple learning mechanisms, of the kind attested elsewhere in cognition, are sufficient to bring about the emergence of complex language representations. In this article, I consider, and reject, several a priori arguments often raised against ‘special nativism’. I then look at some of the arguments and evidence for an emergentist account of second language acquisition (SLA), and show that emergentists have so far failed to take into account, let alone defeat, standard Poverty of the Stimulus arguments for ‘special nativism’, and have equally failed to show how language competence could ‘emerge’.