Coffee, tea, caffeine, and risk of hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study
Coffee, tea, caffeine, and risk of hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study
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DOI：
10.1007/s00394-017-1412-4
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Koh, Woon-Puay
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chei, Choy-Lye;Loh, Julian Kenrick;Koh, Woon-Puay
目的 咖啡和茶与高血压风险之间的关系在西方人群中仍然存在争议。我们在亚洲人群中调查了这些关联。方法新加坡华人健康研究是一项基于人群的前瞻性队列，招募了 1993 年至 1998 年间居住在新加坡的 63,257 名年龄在 45-74 岁之间的华人。在基线时收集了有关咖啡、茶和其他生活方式因素的信息，并在两次后续访谈中评估了自我报告的医生诊断的高血压。 (1999-2004, 2006-2010)。 结果 我们在平均 9.5 年后发现了 13,658 例高血压病例。与每天喝一杯咖啡的人相比，每周喝咖啡次数少于 3 杯的人的风险比 (HR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI) 分别为 0.87 (0.83-0.91) 和每天喝 3 杯咖啡的人为 0.93 (0.86-1.00)。与<每周饮用者相比，每天饮用红茶或绿茶的人的风险略有增加，但这些风险估计在咖啡因调整后减弱并且变得不显着。对咖啡进行调整后，咖啡因摄入量与高血压风险之间存在逐步剂量反应关系。与最低摄入量（< 50 mg/天）相比，最高摄入量（>= 300 mg/天）的风险增加了16%； HR 1.16，95% CI 1.04-1.31（p 趋势 = 0.02）。结论 每周喝咖啡 < 1 杯或每天 >= 3 杯的风险低于每天喝 1 杯的风险。咖啡因可能会导致每天喝茶和每天喝一杯咖啡的人的风险增加。与咖啡的倒 U 形关联表明，在较高剂量下，咖啡中的其他成分可能会抵消咖啡因的影响并有益于降低血压。
Purpose The relationship between coffee and tea, and risk of hypertension remains controversial in Western populations. We investigated these associations in an Asian population.Methods The Singapore Chinese Health Study is a population-based prospective cohort that recruited 63,257 Chinese aged 45-74 years and residing in Singapore from 1993 to 1998. Information on consumption of coffee, tea, and other lifestyle factors was collected at baseline, and self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension was assessed during two follow-up interviews (1999-2004, 2006-2010).Results We identified 13,658 cases of incident hypertension after average 9.5 years. Compared to those who drank one cup of coffee/day, the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 0.87 (0.83-0.91) for < weekly drinkers and 0.93 (0.86-1.00) for >= 3 cups/day drinkers. Compared to < weekly drinkers, daily drinkers of black or green tea had slight increase in risk, but these risk estimates were attenuated and became non-significant after adjustment for caffeine. After adjusting for coffee, there was a stepwise dose-response relationship between caffeine intake and hypertension risk; compared to the lowest intake (< 50 mg/day), those in the highest intake (>= 300 mg/day) had a 16% increase in risk; HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.04-1.31 (p trend = 0.02).Conclusions Drinking coffee < 1 cup/week or >= 3 cups/day had lower risk than drinking one cup/day. Caffeine may account for increased risk in daily tea drinkers and in those who drank one cup of coffee/day. The inverse U-shaped association with coffee suggests that at higher doses, other ingredients in coffee may offset the effect of caffeine and confer benefit on blood pressure.