Importance of the riparian zone to the conservation and management of freshwater fish: a review
Importance of the riparian zone to the conservation and management of freshwater fish: a review
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DOI：
10.1071/mf02041
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发表时间：
2003-05
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
B. Pusey;A. Arthington
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Pusey;A. Arthington
回顾了淡水鱼与河岸带完整性之间的关系，特别强调了澳大利亚北部的动物群。淡水鱼和河岸带过程之间的联系是多样和重要的。河岸带位于陆地和水生生态系统之间的交界处，因此可以调节这些系统之间的能量和物质转移，以及调节太阳能向水生生态系统的传输。讨论了河岸对河流中光量、质量和阴影的影响，并对与光质变化相关的可能影响进行了预测。在没有完整的河岸带的情况下，大气和水环境之间热能转移的速率增加，可能会使热力疗法与区域因素(如水流疗法)失去同步，从而可能扰乱繁殖，并对死亡率、身体形态、抗病能力和代谢率产生直接影响。与光质变化相关的影响包括：由于紫外线B辐射增加而导致的卵和幼虫死亡率增加，以及对潜在配偶的辨别能力降低，以及对捕食者的显眼程度增加。外来牧草在澳大利亚北部的日益严重的威胁--日照增加和繁殖--产生了一系列影响，包括生境结构、食物网结构的变化以及促进外来鱼类物种的入侵。河岸带对陆地沉积物和营养物质的截留对溪流鱼类、维持栖息地结构、水的清晰度和食物网结构具有重要影响。河岸带捐赠给水环境的粗有机物质对河流栖息地有很大影响，进而影响生物多样性和鱼类繁殖和捕食等一系列过程。陆地物质也直接被鱼类消耗，在澳大利亚的一些系统中，在某些情况下，陆地物质可能是一种非常重要的能源。注意鱼类和河岸系统之间的联系对于努力恢复退化的河流环境和防止澳大利亚北部淡水鱼类种群进一步恶化至关重要。
The relationship between freshwater fish and the integrity of the riparian zone is reviewed with special emphasis on the fauna of northern Australia. Linkages between freshwater fish and riparian zone processes are diverse and important. The riparian zone occurs at the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and it may, therefore, regulate the transfer of energy and material between these systems, as well as regulating the transmission of solar energy into the aquatic ecosystem. Riparian influences on light quantity, quality and shade in streams are discussed and predictions are made about the likely impacts associated with changes in light quality. Increased rates of transfer of thermal energy between the atmosphere and the aquatic environment in the absence of an intact riparian zone may potentially disrupt reproduction by desynchronizing the thermal regimen from regional factors, such as the flow regimen, as well as having direct effects on mortality rates, body morphology, disease resistance and metabolic rates. Impacts associated with changes in light quality range from increased egg and larval mortality due to increased ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation and a decreased ability to discriminate between potential mates to increased conspicuousness to predators. Increased insolation and proliferation of exotic pasture grasses, an increasing threat in northern Australia, are shown to have a range of impacts, including changes in habitat structure, food-web structure and the facilitation of invasion by exotic fish species. The interception of terrestrial sediments and nutrients by the riparian zone has important consequences for stream fish, maintaining habitat structure, water clarity and food-web structure. Coarse organic matter donated to the aquatic environment by the riparian zones has a large range of influences on stream habitat, which, in turn, affect biodiversity and a range of process, such as fish reproduction and predation. Terrestrial matter is also consumed directly by fish and may be a very important source of energy in some Australian systems and under certain circumstances. Attention to the linkages between fish and riparian systems is essential in efforts to rehabilitate degraded stream environments and to prevent further deterioration in freshwater fish populations in northern Australia.