Impaired remote spatial memory after hippocampal lesions despite extensive training beginning early in life
Impaired remote spatial memory after hippocampal lesions despite extensive training beginning early in life
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DOI：
10.1002/hipo.20076
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Squire, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark, RE;Broadbent, NJ;Squire, LR
海马体的损伤通常会产生暂时性的渐进式逆行性遗忘，即近期获得的记忆比远程获得的记忆受损更严重。这种现象在各种物种和任务中被反复证明，并且在记忆和海马体功能的理论治疗中占有突出地位。在对啮齿类动物进行空间任务的研究中，有一个明显的例外。水迷宫。在这些研究中，近期记忆和远程记忆在海马损伤后同样受损。与啮齿类动物的研究相反，对内侧颞叶病变（包括完全海马病变）患者的研究表明，远程空间记忆可能是完整的。在啮齿类动物研究中的一个不同之处在于，在动物研究中，空间记忆是在动物成年后的有限时间内获得的。相比之下，在人类研究中，空间记忆是在很小的时候就开始获得的，学习持续了相当长的一段时间。我们在老鼠21日龄断奶后立即在标准水迷宫中开始训练，并继续训练直到老鼠成年（90日龄）。训练结束后100天，海马形成较大的病变。手术恢复后，对照大鼠在第一次保留探针试验中表现良好，而海马病变大鼠则表现不佳。因此，即使在早期开始延长训练和延长训练-手术间隔后，海马和生命损伤也会损害水迷宫任务的表现。这些发现的可能原因在水迷宫任务的具体性能要求的背景下进行了讨论。2005年Wiley-Liss出版。
Damage to the hippocampus typically produces temporally graded retrograde amnesia, whereby memories acquired recently are impaired more than memories acquired remotely. This phenomenon has been demonstrated repeatedly in a variety of species and tasks, and it as figured prominently in theoretical treatments of memory and hippocampal pal function. A striking exception to the finding of tempora like retrograde amnesia comes from studies with rodents using spatial tasks. the water maze. In these studies, recent and remote memory were similarly impaired following hippocampal lesions. in contrast to work with rodents, studies of patients with medial temporal lobe lesions, including complete hippocampal lesions, indicate that remote spatial memory can in be intact. One difference between studies in rodents is that spatial memory in animal studies is acquired during a limited period of time when the animals are adults. In contrast, the spatial memory studied in humans was acquired beginning at an early age and learning continued for a considerable period of time. We initiated training d at in a standard water maze immediately after rats had been weaned 21 days of age and continued training until the rats were young adults (90 days old). Large hippocampal lesions were made 100 days after the completion of training. After recovery from surgery, control rats exhibited good retention on the first retention probe trial, but rats with hippocampal lesions performed at chance. Thus, even after extended training beginning early in life, and with prolonged training-surgery interval, hippocampal and with a life lesions impair performance in the water maze task. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed in the context of the specific performance requirements of the water maze task. Published 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.