COASTAL PROTECTION WORKS AND RELATED PROBLEMS IN JAPAN
COASTAL PROTECTION WORKS AND RELATED PROBLEMS IN JAPAN
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DOI：
10.9753/icce.v7.53
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发表时间：
2011-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Hom-ma;K. Horikawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Hom-ma;K. Horikawa
日本由4个主要岛屿组成，分别是北海道、本州、四国和九州，它们与散布在周围的许多小岛一起，排列成一条略微弯曲的弧形，远离亚洲大陆的东部边缘。(See图1.）这些岛屿的主要地理特征是位于中心的相对较高的山脉和沿着海岸线的狭长平坦陆地。正是在这些沿海地区，日本工业和其他经济活动的核心部署了蜂拥而至的人口。日本全国面积约320，000平方公里，周围海岸线长14，560公里。传统上，日本的经济严重依赖农业和渔业，这就需要在河口低地周围进行积极的填海工程，并在日本各地建立大量的小渔港。她的经济实力的增长来投下泛光灯的重要性海洋运输，和商业港口来繁荣在许多河口港口。沿着海岸线的土地扩展工程今天更是蓬勃发展，但它们的目的是为现代工业创造场地。应该强调的是，日本一直在最大限度地利用沿海地区，以求得生存和繁荣，而且为了跟上经济发展的步伐，这一趋势在未来也注定会持续下去。
Japan consists of 4 main islands named Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, which, together with numerous smaller islands scattered around, are so aligned as to form a slightly bent arc off the eastern fringe of the Asiatic Continent. (See Fig. 1.) The dominant geographies of these islands are represented by relatively high mountains located in the center and narrow strips of plane lands lying along the coastlines. It is in these coastal planes that the cores of the Japanese industrial and other economical activities are deployed with swarming population. The entire area of Japan is approximately 320,000 km2 and the surrounding coastlines are 14,560 km long. Traditionally the economy of Japan depended heavily on agriculture and fishery, which necessitated active reclamation works around the estuarine lowlands as well as establishment of small fishery ports in great numbers at various parts of Japan. The growth of her economical potency came to cast floodlight on the importance of marine transportation, and the commercial ports came to thrive at numerous estuary harbors. The land extension works along the coast line are even flourishing today, but they are aimed at creating the sites for modern industries. It should be emphasized that Japan has been utilizing the coastal areas to an utmost extent for survival as well as prosperity, and further that this trend is destined to persist also in the future in order to keep pace with her economical development.