Emissions and health impacts from global shipping embodied in US-China bilateral trade
Emissions and health impacts from global shipping embodied in US-China bilateral trade
复制标题
中美双边贸易中体现的全球航运的排放和健康影响
DOI：
10.1038/s41893-019-0414-z
复制
发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
He, Ke-Bin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Huan;Meng, Zhi-Hang;He, Ke-Bin
全球航运活动每年排放9.38亿吨二氧化碳，超过第八大排放国。虽然在过去三十年中对航运业的影响进行了调查，但分配责任仍然是一个困难的问题。各方应共同承担责任，因此，在考虑全球经济、航运和生态连通性之间的相互作用时，需要进行定量分析。在这里，从我们基于卫星观测的船舶活动的航运排放清单模型开始，我们评估了贸易体现的航运排放及其对人类健康的影响。结合国际贸易数据库，我们将航运影响追溯到负责任的双边贸易，并提出了一个综合的贸易-航运-空气质量-健康影响关系。定量分析表明，中美双边贸易占全球航运二氧化碳排放量的2.5%，占全球因空气污染导致的船舶相关过早死亡的4.8%。我们的研究提供了方法来分配洲际贸易对和船舶的责任。
Global shipping activity emits 938 million tonnes of carbon dioxide annually, surpassing the eighth highest emitting country. Although the impacts from the shipping industry have been investigated over the past three decades, allocating responsibilities remains a difficult issue. Numerous parties should share the responsibility and quantitative analysis is therefore required when considering the interaction between the global economy, shipping and ecological connectivity. Here, beginning with our shipping emission inventory model based on satellite-observed vessel activities, we evaluated trade-embodied shipping emissions and their impacts on human health. Combined with international trade databases, we traced shipping impacts back to responsible bilateral trade and proposed an integrated trade–shipping–air quality–health impact nexus. Quantitative analysis shows that the US–China bilateral trade is responsible for 2.5% of the global shipping carbon dioxide emissions and 4.8% of ship-related global premature deaths caused by air pollution. Our research provides the methodology to allocate intercontinental responsibilities to trade pairs and ships.