We can do it together: PAR1/PAR2 heterodimer signaling in VSMCs.
We can do it together: PAR1/PAR2 heterodimer signaling in VSMCs.
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我们可以一起做:VSMC 中的 PAR1/PAR2 异二聚体信号传导。
DOI:
10.1161/atvbaha.111.238865
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Holinstat,Michael
中科院分区:
文献类型:
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作者:
Pawlinski,Rafal;Holinstat,Michael
In this issue, Sevigny and colleagues demonstrate that a protease-activated receptor (PAR) 1–PAR2 heterodimer regulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hyperplasia following vascular injury. 1 PARs belong to a family of G-protein coupled receptors that are proteolytically activated by a variety of proteases. 2, 3 Cleavage of PARs results in intracellular signaling mediated by activation of various G proteins including G12/13, Gq, and Gi. 2, 4–6 The PAR family consists of 4 members, PAR1–PAR4, with PARs 1, 3, and 4 being primarily activated by thrombin, whereas PAR2 is activated by trypsin and tryptase. 2, 3 PAR1, originally identified as a thrombin receptor on platelets, is widely expressed and has been shown to regulate a multitude of physiological processes including platelet activation, 7, 8 regulation of the endothelial cell barrier function, 9 and proliferation and dedifferentiation of VSMCs. 10, 11 In addition to PAR1, these cells express other PARs. 6 Importantly members of PAR family can physically interact and signal as functional heterodimers in order to regulate cell growth, proliferation, and activation. 12–15 PAR1, for example, has been shown to transactivate PAR2 in human endothelial and COS-7 cells, 15 whereas on the platelet PAR1 may heterodimerize with PAR4. 12