Multiple, Switchable Protein: RNA Interactions Regulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Assembly
Multiple, Switchable Protein: RNA Interactions Regulate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Assembly
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-virology-092917-043448
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Telesnitsky, Alice
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bieniasz, Paul;Telesnitsky, Alice
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)颗粒组装需要几种蛋白质：RNA相互作用，这些相互作用在性质上差别很大，从高度保守和结构的病毒RNA元件的特异性识别到与可变RNA序列的不太特异的相互作用。遗传、生化、生物物理和结构研究阐明了病毒粒子的形态发生是如何伴随着蛋白质和RNA病毒粒子组件之间相互作用的戏剧性变化的。5‘前导RNA元件在HIV-1组装开始时通过GAG驱动RNA识别，并可以呈现不同的构象，影响翻译、二聚和GAG识别。随着Gag在质膜上多聚化，形成未成熟的颗粒，其RNA结合特异性短暂改变，使其能够识别病毒基因组的富含A的成分。组装的启动也可以通过tRNA封闭GAG的膜结合表面来调节。最后，最近的工作表明，RNA与病毒酶的相互作用可以激活并确保病毒粒子成熟的准确性。
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particle assembly requires several protein: RNA interactions that vary widely in their character, from specific recognition of highly conserved and structured viral RNA elements to less specific interactions with variable RNA sequences. Genetic, biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies have illuminated how virion morphogenesis is accompanied by dramatic changes in the interactions among the protein and RNA virion components. The 5' leader RNA element drives RNA recognition by Gag upon initiation of HIV-1 assembly and can assume variable conformations that influence translation, dimerization, and Gag recognition. As Gag multimerizes on the plasma membrane, forming immature particles, its RNA binding specificity transiently changes, enabling recognition of the A-rich composition of the viral genome. Initiation of assembly may also be regulated by occlusion of the membrane binding surface of Gag by tRNA. Finally, recent work has suggested that RNA interactions with viral enzymes may activate and ensure the accuracy of virion maturation.