RESTORATION OF OYSTER REEFS ALONG A BIO-PHYSICAL GRADIENT IN MOBILE BAY, ALABAMA
RESTORATION OF OYSTER REEFS ALONG A BIO-PHYSICAL GRADIENT IN MOBILE BAY, ALABAMA
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DOI：
10.2983/0730-8000-27.5.1163
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Heck, Kenneth L., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gregalis, Kevan C.;Powers, Sean P.;Heck, Kenneth L., Jr.
牡蛎礁支持一种有价值的商业渔业，其基础是从它们形成的生物礁基质中提取牡蛎。这一事实，加上最近对牡蛎礁为河口生态系统提供的许多生态服务的认识，导致人们加大了恢复和/或提高牡蛎礁空间范围的努力。作为阿拉巴马州莫比尔湾大规模恢复工作的一部分，我们设计了一个实地项目，以确定恢复的牡蛎礁的设计和位置在生物物理梯度上是否影响牡蛎和其他无根无脊椎动物的招募。2004年1月，莫比尔湾（Cedar Point）、沙礁（Sand Reef）和贝壳滩（Shellbank）三个区域各建造了8个牡蛎礁（每个325 m(2)），这些区域的水质和现有牡蛎礁的空间范围各不相同。4个礁体为高凸起（>= 1.0 m垂直凸起），4个礁体为高凸起（0.1、0.2 m）。设计了每半年一次的样方调查和每月一次的牡蛎存活率评估，以评估牡蛎的补充、丰度和死亡率作为珊瑚礁海拔和位置的函数。在样方取样中发现的两种最丰富的无柄无脊椎动物是东方牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）和弯贻贝（Ischadium recurvum）。在所有恢复的珊瑚礁上，弯贻贝都很丰富，但密度随珊瑚礁位置和海拔的变化不显著。牡蛎的数量和丰度因地点而异（Cedar Point bbb、Sand Reef bbb、Shellbank）。牡蛎在高起伏礁石上的繁殖量也高于低起伏礁石。在高缓礁上牡蛎的高吸收模式表明，在牡蛎死亡率高的地方（即沙礁）或幼虫供应低的地方（即沙礁）。贝壳滩、高浮雕珊瑚礁是成功修复珊瑚礁的重要设计元素。
Oyster reefs support a valuable commercial fishery based on the extraction of oysters from the biogenic reef matrix they form. This fact, combined with recent recognition of the many ecological services oyster reefs provide to estuarine ecosystems, has resulted in increased efforts to restore and/or enhance the spatial extent of oyster reefs. As part of a large-scale restoration effort in Mobile Bay, Alabama, we designed a field project to determine if the design and location across a bio-physical gradient of restored oyster reefs affect the recruitment of oysters and other sessile invertebrates. In January 2004, eight oyster reefs (325 m(2) each) were constructed in each of three areas of Mobile Bay (Cedar Point, Sand Reef, and Shellbank), which varied in water quality and spatial extent of existing oyster reefs. Four reefs were high relief (>= 1.0 m vertical relief) and four were high relief (0.1, 0.2 m). Semiannual quadrat surveys and monthly assessments of oyster survivorship were designed to evaluate oyster recruitment, abundance and mortality as a function of reef elevation and location. The two most abundant sessile invertebrartes found in the quadrat sampling were eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and recurved mussel (Ischadium recurvum). Recurved mussels were abundant on all restored reefs, but densities did not significantly vary with location or reef elevation. Oyster recruitment and abundace varied by location (Cedar Point > Sand Reef > Shellbank). Oyster recruitment was also higher on high relief reefs compared with low relief. The pattern of higher recruitment of oysters at high relief reefs suggests that in locations where oyster mortality is high (i.e., Sand Reef) or larval supply is low (i.e.. Shellbank), high relief reefs are an important design element is successful reef restoration.