Determining the oilseed rape pod strength needed to reduce seed loss due to pod shatter
Determining the oilseed rape pod strength needed to reduce seed loss due to pod shatter
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DOI：
10.1006/bioe.2001.0002
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发表时间：
2002-02-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Child, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruce, DM;Farrent, JW;Child, RD
油菜（Brassica napus）的种子荚在收获成熟时很脆弱，如果在作物最脆弱的时候发生恶劣天气，种子损失可能是潜在产量的很大一部分。即使在好天气，据报道，如果收获作业延迟，损失也高达25%。植物育种者需要能够从非常大的育种种群中准确地识别出具有抗豆荚破碎能力的单一植物。一个“随机冲击”测试，包括对20个豆荚的样品进行控制搅拌，以测量它们的断裂反应，用于比较12条实验线，以拟合模型，从而估计样品的半衰期，发现范围从2.6到129秒。利用拟合的模型，可以估计任何馏分打开的处理时间。为了使品种先端达到25%的开荚率，相当于报告的立木作物因恶劣天气造成的种子损失，处理时间为17 s，基准限为12 s和22 s。据报道，在正常条件下，田间作物11%的损失是在9.7 s搅拌时间内实现的，基准限制为5.1 s和14 s。另外11个品系的17 s开荚率也根据该模型进行了估算。在两个品系中，只有不到10%的荚果打开，这表明这些荚果比现有品种的荚果有更好的完整成活率。该方法在油菜育种中具有潜在的应用价值。(C) 2002年西尔索研究所。
Seed pods of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) are fragile at harvest maturity and seed loss can be a significant fraction of potential yield if bad weather occurs when the crop is most vulnerable. Even in good weather, loss of up to 25% has been reported when harvest operations are late. Plant breeders need to be able to identify accurately single plants that provide resistance to pod shatter from amongst very large breeding populations. A'random impact' test, involving controlled agitation of samples of 20 pods to measure their breaking response, was used to compare 12 experimental lines, to fit a model and hence to estimate the sample half-lives found to range from 2.6 to 129 s. Using the fitted model, the treatment time for any fraction opened could then be estimated. For cultivar Apex to reach 25% of pods opened, equivalent to reported seed loss caused by bad weather in standing crops, the treatment time was found to be 17 s, with fiducial limits of 12 and 22 s. The 11% loss reported in field crops in normal conditions was achieved at 9.7 s agitation time, with fiducial limits of 5.1 and 14 s. The fraction of pods opened at 17 s for the other 11 lines was then estimated from the model. In two lines, less than 10% of pods opened, suggesting that these pods have a much better potential to survive intact than pods of current cultivars. The methodology proposed is potentially of value in oilseed rape breeding. (C) 2002 Silsoe Research Institute.