Developing a field of landscape ecotoxicology
Developing a field of landscape ecotoxicology
复制标题
DOI：
10.2307/2269484
复制
发表时间：
1996-08-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Niederlehner, BR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cairns, J;Niederlehner, BR
由于有毒物质散布在生态景观中，它们似乎很可能对这一层次的生态组织产生影响。景观生态毒理学比传统的环境毒理学在更大的尺度上研究有毒化学物质的影响。该方法的特点是使用适合于有毒物质分散的空间尺度的端点，关注物理和时间模式之间的相互作用以及生态损害过程，并整合不同尺度上毒性的多种证据。此外，景观生态毒理学寻求预测模型，以便在环境破坏发生之前影响人类行为。整合来自受损系统、毒性测试、模拟模型和健康系统生物监测的信息，为决策提供了最佳基础。随着科学家将遥感和空间显式模拟模型等工具结合起来，然后使用来自大面积长期生物监测的数据对这些模型进行校准，景观生态毒理学有望取得快速进展。进一步融入社会经济生态综合模式也是可能的。
Since toxicants are spread over ecological landscapes, it seems likely that they have effects at that level of ecological organization. Landscape ecotoxicology examines the effects of toxic chemicals on larger scales than traditional environmental toxicology. This approach is characterized by the use of endpoints appropriate to the spatial scale across which a toxicant is dispersed, attention to interactions between physical and temporal patterns and the process of ecological impairment, and integration of multiple lines of evidence for toxicity at various scales. In addition, landscape ecotoxicology seeks predictive models in order to influence human actions before environmental damage occurs. Integrating information from damaged systems, toxicity tests, simulation models, and biomonitoring of healthy systems provides the best basis for decisions. Rapid progress in landscape ecotoxicology is expected as scientists incorporate tools, such as remote sensing and spatially explicit simulation models, and then calibrate these models using data from longterm biomonitoring of large areas. Further integration into combined socio-economic-ecological models is also possible.