Replacing the metal electrodes in triboelectric nanogenerators: High-performance laser-induced graphene electrodes
Replacing the metal electrodes in triboelectric nanogenerators: High-performance laser-induced graphene electrodes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104958
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
17.6
通讯作者：
P. Zhao;G. Bhattacharya;S. Fishlock;J. Guy;Ajay Kumar;C. Tsonos;Zidong Yu;Shashidran Raj;J. McLaughlin;Jikui Luo;N. Soin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Zhao;G. Bhattacharya;S. Fishlock;J. Guy;Ajay Kumar;C. Tsonos;Zidong Yu;Shashidran Raj;J. McLaughlin;Jikui Luo;N. Soin
虽然正在进行大量的工作来开发用于实现高表面电荷密度摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）的材料，但很少关注负责电荷收集的电极的作用。这项工作报告的简易合成和使用的高结晶度，sp2杂化激光诱导石墨烯（LIG）作为摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）的高效电极。使用传统的10.6 μ m CO2激光器，介电、摩擦负性聚酰亚胺（PI）和摩擦正性纤维素纸分别受控地直接光热转化为相应的PI-LIG和纸-LIG，与常用的粘合剂铝电极相比，促进了显著更高的电输出。基于LIG的纸PI TENG显示出显著更高的电输出特性，峰间电压高达~625 V，电流密度为~20 mA m − 2，转移电荷密度为~138 μ C m − 2，最大功率输出为~2.25 W m − 2，而传统的基于铝带电极的纸PI TENG的相应值为400 Vp-p，~10 mA m − 2、~85 μ C m − 2和0.9 W m − 2。机械坚固的LIG电极显示出优异的稳定性，在12，000次接触循环中输出变化小于5.0%。使用开尔文探针力显微镜（KPFM）测量，我们不仅测量了摩擦电表面的平均表面电位（原始PIvs为-0.26 V+），0.34驱动TENG电输出的纸张电压为-0.08 V），但也适用于由它们合成的LIG（PI-LIGvs为-0.08 V）。0.26 V代表纸-LIG），暗示了初始表面化学在形成LIG中的作用。基于LIG的TENG的增强的（~150%）功率密度归因于电荷转移势垒高度的降低以及费米能级的排列导致电介质表面上的更高的表面电荷和LIG的与粘合剂铝电极相比的显著（~6阶）更低的界面接触阻抗。因此，摩擦电表面和电极之间的附加界面的快速去除，可以实现具有实现能量收集应用的优异前景的高性能无金属TENG。
While significant work is being carried out to develop materials for enabling high surface charge density triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), little attention has been paid to the role of electrodes responsible for charge collection. This work reports on the facile synthesis and use of high crystallinity, sp2-hybridised laser-induced graphene (LIG) as a high-efficiency electrode for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Using a conventional 10.6 μm CO2laser, the controlled, direct photothermal conversion of dielectric, tribo-negative polyimide (PI) and tribo-positive cellulosic paper into corresponding PI-LIG and paper-LIG, respectively, facilitates a significantly higher electrical output as compared to the commonly utilised adhesive aluminium electrodes. The LIG based paper-PI TENGs showed significantly higher electrical output characteristics with a peak-to-peak voltage of up to ~625 V, a current density of ~20 mA m−2and a transferred charge density of ~138 μC m−2with a maximum power output of ~2.25 W m−2, respectively, while the corresponding values for the conventional Al-tape electrode-based paper-PI TENGs were 400 Vp-p,~10 mA m−2, ~85 μC m−2and 0.9 W m−2, respectively. The mechanically robust LIG electrodes show excellent stability with less than 5.0% variation in output over 12,000 contact cycles. Using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) measurements, we have measured differences in not only the average surface potentials of the triboelectric surfaces (−0.26 V for pristine PIvs.+0.34 V for paper, which drive the TENG electrical output) but also for the LIG's synthesised from them (−0.08 V for PI-LIGvs.+0.26 V for paper-LIG), suggestive of the role of initial surface chemistry in the formation of LIGs. The enhanced (~150%) power density for LIG based TENGs is ascribed to the lowering of the charge transfer barrier heightviathe alignment of Fermi levels resulting in higher surface charge on the dielectric surface and the significantly (~6 orders) lower interfacial contact impedance of LIG as compared to adhesive aluminium electrodes. Thus,viathe removal of the additional interface between the triboelectric surface and electrode, high-performance metal-free TENGs with excellent prospects for enabling energy harvesting applications can be realised.