Corn response to nitrogen is influenced by soil texture and weather
Corn response to nitrogen is influenced by soil texture and weather
复制标题
玉米对氮的反应受土壤质地和天气的影响
DOI：
10.2134/agronj2012.0184
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
I. Ortiz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Tremblay;Y. Bouroubi;C. Bélec;Robert W. Mullen;N. Kitchen;W. Thomason;S. Ebelhar;D. Mengel;W. Raun;D. Francis;E. Vories;I. Ortiz
众所周知，土壤性质和天气条件会影响土壤氮素有效性和植物氮素吸收。然而，关于土壤和天气对氮的影响的研究有时会给出相互矛盾的结果。荟萃分析是一种统计方法，用于估计一系列实验中的治疗效果，以解释异质性的来源。在2006年至2009年期间，在北美不同地区进行了51项相同施氮量处理的研究，利用该技术研究了土壤和天气参数对8种玉米（Zea mays L.）氮素响应的影响。结果表明，细粒土壤中玉米对添加氮的响应显著大于中粒土壤。充足且分布均匀的降雨，以及在较小程度上积累的玉米热单元12增强了氮素响应。在高施氮量条件下，13个中等质地土壤的玉米产量比未施肥的对照提高了1.6倍，在细质地土壤中提高了2.7倍。基于天气参数对细质地土壤类别进行亚组分析。降雨模式对该土壤质地类别的氮素响应有重要影响，在“雨量充足且分布均匀”的条件下，当季施氮可使产量增加4.5倍。这些发现可能有助于开发氮肥施肥算法，从而在考虑降雨模式和土壤质地的情况下，以最佳速率施用氮肥，从而提高作物盈利能力，减少对环境的影响。20.
3 Soil properties and weather conditions are known to affect soil nitrogen (N) availability and 4 plant N uptake. However, studies examining N response as affected by soil and weather 5 sometimes give conflicting results. Meta-analysis is a statistical method for estimating treatment 6 effects in a series of experiments to explain the sources of heterogeneity. In this study, the 7 technique was used to examine the influence of soil and weather parameters on N responses of 8 corn (Zea mays L.) across 51 studies involving the same N rate treatments which were carried out 9 in a diversity of North American locations between 2006 and 2009. Results showed that corn 10 response to added N was significantly greater in fine-textured soils than in medium-textured 11 soils. Abundant and well-distributed rainfall and, to a lesser extent, accumulated corn heat units 12 enhanced N response. Corn yields increased by a factor of 1.6 (over the unfertilized control) in 13 medium-textured soils and 2.7 in fine-textured soils at high N rates. Subgroup analyses were 14 performed on the fine-textured soil class based on weather parameters. Rainfall patterns had an 15 important effect on N response in this soil texture class, with yields being increased 4.5-fold by 16 in-season N fertilization under conditions of “abundant and well-distributed rainfall.” These 17 findings could be useful for developing N fertilization algorithms that would allow for N 18 application at optimal rates taking into account rainfall pattern and soil texture, which would lead 19 to improved crop profitability and reduced environmental impacts. 20