An empirical evaluation of virtual hand techniques for 3D object manipulation in a tangible augmented reality environment
An empirical evaluation of virtual hand techniques for 3D object manipulation in a tangible augmented reality environment
复制标题
在有形增强现实环境中操纵 3D 对象的虚拟手技术的实证评估
DOI：
10.1109/3dui.2010.5444713
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Woontack Woo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taejin Ha;Woontack Woo
在本文中，我们提出了一个费茨定律为基础的正式评估过程和相应的结果为基础的虚拟手隐喻在有形增强现实（TAR）环境中的三维对象操作技术。具体来说，我们扩展的设计参数的1D规模的费茨定律的3D规模，然后完善的评估模型，以带来的通用性和适应各种TAR应用程序的方便。接下来，我们使用杯子，桨，立方体和建议的扩展桨prop. Most操作技术的标准TAR操作技术的实施和比较良好的线性回归建模，根据菲茨定律，相关系数值超过0.9。值得注意的是，由于3D对象的即时3D定位，扩展桨技术的ISO 9241-9的吞吐量峰值比其他技术高约1.39至2倍。在讨论中，我们随后检查TAR操作技术的稳定性，速度，舒适性和理解方面的特点。因此，我们的评估过程，结果和分析可以在指导未来的TAR接口的设计和实施是有用的。
In this paper, we present a Fitts' law-based formal evaluation process and the corresponding results for 3D object manipulation techniques based on a virtual hand metaphor in a tangible augmented reality (TAR) environment. Specifically, we extend the design parameters of the 1D scale Fitts' law to 3D scale and then refine an evaluation model in order to bring generality and ease of adaptation to various TAR applications. Next, we implement and compare standard TAR manipulation techniques using a cup, a paddle, a cube, and a proposed extended paddle prop. Most manipulation techniques were well-modeled in terms of linear regression according to Fitts' law, with a correlation coefficient value of over 0.9. Notably, the throughput by ISO 9241-9 of the extended paddle technique peaked at around 1.39 to 2 times higher than in the other techniques, due to the instant 3D positioning of the 3D objects. In the discussion, we subsequently examine the characteristics of the TAR manipulation techniques in terms of stability, speed, comfort, and understanding. As a result, our evaluation process, results, and analysis can be useful in guiding the design and implementation of future TAR interfaces.