New agents approved for treatment of acute staphylococcal skin infections.
New agents approved for treatment of acute staphylococcal skin infections.
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DOI：
10.5114/aoms.2016.59838
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bujalska-Zadrożny M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tatarkiewicz J;Staniszewska A;Bujalska-Zadrożny M
几十年来，万古霉素一直是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染的主要治疗药物。然而，对其有效性的保留意见越来越多，导致迫切需要有效对抗MRSA和其他耐药金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的新抗生素。本综述涵盖了FDA最近批准的三种新的抗MRSA抗生素：达巴万星，奥利万星和泰地唑胺。描述了这些新抗生素的作用机制、适应症、抗菌活性特征、微生物耐药性、药代动力学、临床疗效、不良反应、相互作用以及可用制剂和给药。达巴万星是一种每周一次、两剂、长效的静脉内杀菌脂糖肽类抗生素。奥利万星是一种具有杀菌活性的脂糖肽，被开发为用于急性细菌性皮肤和皮肤结构感染（ABSSSI）的单剂量静脉内治疗，其提供简化的感染治疗。替地唑胺是一种恶唑烷酮类抑菌剂，每日一次，可用于静脉注射和口服。克服细菌耐药性的能力增加是新药物相对于现有抗生素的主要治疗优势。
Vancomycin has been a predominant treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections for decades. However, growing reservations about its efficacy led to an urgent need for new antibiotics effective against MRSA and other drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. This review covers three new anti-MRSA antibiotics that have been recently approved by the FDA: dalbavancin, oritavancin, and tedizolid. The mechanism of action, indications, antibacterial activity profile, microbial resistance, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, interactions as well as available formulations and administration of each of these new antibiotics are described. Dalbavancin is a once-a-week, two-dose, long-acting intravenous bactericidal lipoglycopeptide antibiotic. Oritavancin, a lipoglycopeptide with bactericidal activity, was developed as a single-dose intravenous treatment for acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSSI), which offers simplifying treatment of infections. Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone-class bacteriostatic once-daily agent, available for intravenous as well as oral use. Increased ability to overcome bacterial resistance is the main therapeutic advantage of the novel agents over existing antibiotics.
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