Absorbers for the high luminosity insertions of the LHC
Absorbers for the high luminosity insertions of the LHC
复制标题
用于大型强子对撞机高光度插入的吸收器
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Turner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Turner
在设计光度和非弹性截面{sigma}{sub pp} = 80mb时，在LHC的高光度相互作用点IP1和IP5处，每秒发生8 {times} 10{sup 8}次非弹性碰撞。这些相互作用在碰撞产物中产生{大约}0.9 kW的功率，在每个方向上留下一个IP。中性粒子（主要是中子和光子）在每个方向上产生的非弹性碰撞功率，被中性吸收体（TAN）拦截，用MARS13代码估计为210瓦。同样，从束管中逸出并入射到内三重态四极吸收器（TAS）正面的碰撞功率估计约为270W，主要由带电的介子和光子携带。特殊用途的吸收器必须拦截这种功率，以防止内部三重态四极（Q1至Q3）和第二束分离偶极子D2外的双孔径磁体淬灭。由于碰撞产物在零度附近具有较高的入射通量，吸收体是辐射硬气体电离探测器的首选位置，可用于：(1)光度测量，(2)入射光强处光束横向尺寸的测量，以及(3)入射光强处更多碰撞光束中心的反馈控制，以最大限度地提高光度。以下部分描述：(1)吸收器的概念设计，(2)辐射沉积和激活计算，(3)仪器的可能性。«少
At design luminosity and inelastic cross section {sigma}{sub pp} = 80mb there are 8 {times} 10{sup 8} inelastic collisions per second at the high luminosity interaction points IP1 and IP5 of the LHC. These interactions give rise to {approximately} 0.9 kW of power in collision products leaving an IP in each direction. The inelastic collision power carried off by neutrals, mostly neutrons and photons, in each direction and intercepted by neutral absorbers (TAN) has been estimated with the MARS13 code to be 210W. Similarly the collision power escaping the beam tube and incident on the front face of the inner triplet quadrupole absorber (TAS) has been estimated to be {approximately} 270W, mostly carried by charged pions and photons. Special purpose absorbers must intercept this power to prevent quenching the inner triplet quadrupoles (Q1 to Q3) and the twin aperture magnets outside the second beam separation dipole D2. Because of the high incident flux of collision products near zero degrees the absorbers are natural places to consider for the location of radiation hard gas ionization detectors which could be used for: (1) measurement of luminosity, (2) measurement of the beam transverse dimensions at the IP and (3) feedback control of themore » colliding beam centers at the IP`s to maximize luminosity. The following sections describe: (1) the conceptual design of the absorbers, (2) the radiation deposition and activation calculations and (3) the possibilities for instrumentation.« less