Leaching of Metals and Metalloids from Hydrothermal Ore Particulates and Their Effects on Marine Phytoplankton.
Leaching of Metals and Metalloids from Hydrothermal Ore Particulates and Their Effects on Marine Phytoplankton.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsomega.7b00081
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发表时间：
2017-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Koshikawa H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuchida S;Yokoyama A;Fukuchi R;Ishibashi JI;Kawagucci S;Kawachi M;Koshikawa H
海底块状硫化物矿床作为一种矿产资源已引起人们的广泛关注。因此，应考虑全面开采的潜在环境影响。在这项研究中，我们重点研究了矿船热液矿颗粒意外泄漏和扩散到地表海水中可能引发的金属和类金属污染。我们确定了从冲绳海槽收集的四种热液矿石中提取的金属和类金属在好氧海水中的浸出潜力，然后评估了矿石浸出液对海洋中普遍存在的一种浮游植物——马里诺骨骨藻- dohrnii复合物的毒性作用。在好氧条件下，地下热液矿在5 min内大量金属和类金属释放到海水中。浸出液主要成分为Zn + Pb、As + Sb和Zn + Cu，分别来源于富fe - Zn - Pb和富Zn - Pb零龄、富ba和富fe矿石。浸出液与矿石的化学组成不同。浸出液与矿石的快速释放和化学组成的差异表明，在这些条件下，物质不是直接从硫化物结合矿物相中溶解出来的，而是从不稳定相中溶解出来的，主要是在矿石的吸附-解吸界面上。所有矿石浸出液均抑制marinoi-dohrnii复合体的生长，但毒性作用程度不同。这些结果表明，热液矿石的细颗粒物是可能破坏海洋初级生产的潜在有毒污染源。因此，我们坚持有必要对矿石中有毒元素的可浸出性进行预先评估，以尽量减少采矿对地表环境的影响。
Seafloor massive sulfide deposits have attracted much interest as mineral resources. Therefore, the potential environmental impacts of full-scale mining should be considered. In this study, we focused on metal and metalloid contamination that could be triggered by accidental leakage and dispersion of hydrothermal ore particulates from mining vessels into surface seawater. We determined the leaching potential of metals and metalloids from four hydrothermal ores collected from the Okinawa Trough into aerobic seawater and then evaluated the toxic effects of ore leachates on a phytoplankton species, Skeletonema marinoi–dohrnii complex, which is present ubiquitously in the ocean. Large amounts of metals and metalloids were released from the ground hydrothermal ores into seawater within 5 min under aerobic conditions. The main components of leachates were Zn + Pb, As + Sb, and Zn + Cu, which were obtained from the Fe–Zn–Pb-rich and Zn–Pb-rich zero-age, Ba-rich, and Fe-rich ores, respectively. The leachates had different chemical compositions from those of the ore. The rapid release and difference in chemical compositions between the leachates and the ores indicated that substances were not directly dissolved from the sulfide-binding mineral phase but from labile phases mainly on the adsorption–desorption interface of the ores under these conditions. All ore leachates inhibited the growth of S. marinoi–dohrnii complex but with different magnitudes of toxic effects. These results indicate that the fine particulate matter of hydrothermal ores is a potential source of toxic contamination that may damage primary production in the ocean. Therefore, we insist on the necessity for the prior evaluation of toxic element leachability from mineral ores into seawater to minimize mining impacts on the surface environment.
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DOI：
10.2113/gsecongeo.88.8.2210
发表时间：
1993-12-01
期刊：
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY AND THE BULLETIN OF THE SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
HALBACH, P;PRACEJUS, B
通讯作者：
PRACEJUS, B
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Ellegaard, Marianne;Godhe, Anna;McQuoid, Melissa
通讯作者：
McQuoid, Melissa
DOI：
10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900030021x
发表时间：
1995-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
BACKES, EA;MCLAREN, RG;SWIFT, RS
通讯作者：
SWIFT, RS
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Hageman, Philip L.;Seal, Robert R.;Lowers, Heather A.
通讯作者：
Lowers, Heather A.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Nozaki T;Ishibashi J;Shimada K;Nagase T;Takaya Y;Kato Y;Kawagucci S;Watsuji T;Shibuya T;Yamada R;Saruhashi T;Kyo M;Takai K
通讯作者：
Takai K