Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition
Efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells by vapour deposition
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DOI：
10.1038/nature12509
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发表时间：
2013-09-19
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Snaith, Henry J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Mingzhen;Johnston, Michael B.;Snaith, Henry J.
许多不同的光伏技术正在开发用于大规模太阳能转换(1-4)。基于晶圆的第一代光伏器件 (1) 随后出现了夹在两个电荷选择性接触 (3) 之间的薄膜固体半导体吸收层和纳米结构（或介观结构）太阳能电池，这些太阳能电池依靠分布式异质结来产生电荷并在空间分离的相中传输正电荷和负电荷 (4-6)。尽管许多材料已用于纳米结构器件，但以这种方式获得高效薄膜太阳能电池的目标尚未实现(7)。有机金属卤化物钙钛矿最近已成为一种有前景的高效纳米结构器件材料(8-11)。在这里，我们证明纳米结构对于这种材料实现高效率来说并不是必要的：采用气相沉积钙钛矿作为吸收层的简单平面异质结太阳能电池可以具有超过 15% 的太阳能到电能的转换效率（在模拟全日光下测量）。这表明钙钛矿吸收剂可以在简化的器件架构中以最高的效率发挥作用，而不需要复杂的纳米结构。
Many different photovoltaic technologies are being developed for large-scale solar energy conversion(1-4). The wafer-based first-generation photovoltaic devices(1) have been followed by thin-film solid semiconductor absorber layers sandwiched between two charge-selective contacts(3) and nanostructured (or mesostructured) solar cells that rely on a distributed heterojunction to generate charge and to transport positive and negative charges in spatially separated phases(4-6). Although many materials have been used in nanostructured devices, the goal of attaining high-efficiency thin-film solar cells in such a way has yet to be achieved(7). Organometal halide perovskites have recently emerged as a promising material for high-efficiency nanostructured devices(8-11). Here we show that nanostructuring is not necessary to achieve high efficiencies with this material: a simple planar heterojunction solar cell incorporating vapour-deposited perovskite as the absorbing layer can have solar-to-electrical power conversion efficiencies of over 15 per cent (as measured under simulated full sunlight). This demonstrates that perovskite absorbers can function at the highest efficiencies in simplified device architectures, without the need for complex nanostructures.