Climate change and waterborne and vector-borne disease
Climate change and waterborne and vector-borne disease
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2672.94.s1.5.x
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Hunter, PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunter, PR
本文考虑了水媒和媒介传播感染对人类健康的潜在影响。它集中于两种可能的气候变化的影响：暴雨事件的频率增加，以及相关的洪水和气温上升。在发展中国家，洪水会增加感染的风险，但在西方国家则不会，除非水源受到影响。有许多报告称，洪水导致地下饮用水水源受到污染，随后爆发疫情。暴雨还导致地表水水质恶化，可能对接触娱乐性水的人的健康产生不利影响。还得出结论，由于营养物质浓度和水温的增加，蓝藻水华的数量可能会增加。人们认为，气候变化不太可能导致与自来水饮用水有关的疾病增加，尽管私人供水将面临暴雨事件增加的风险。尽管气温升高可能导致气候条件有利于疟疾等某些媒介传播疾病的增加，但英国的基础设施将防止疟疾的本土传播。
This paper considers the potential impact on human health from waterborne and vector-borne infections. It concentrates on the impact of two possible changes to climate; increased frequency of heavy rainfall events, with associated flooding and increased temperature. Flooding is associated with increased risk of infection in developing nations but not in the West unless water sources are compromised. There have been numerous reported of outbreaks that followed flooding that led to contamination of underground sources of drinking water. Heavy rainfall also leads to deterioration in the quality of surface waters that could adversely affect the health of those engaged in recreational water contact. It is also concluded that there may be an increase in the number of cyanobacterial blooms because of a combination of increased nutrient concentrations and water temperature. It is considered unlikely that climate change will lead to an increase in disease linked to mains drinking water, although private supplies would be at risk from increased heavy rainfall events. Although increased temperature could lead to climatic conditions favourable to increases in certain vector-borne diseases such as malaria, the infrastructure in the UK would prevent the indigenous spread of malaria.