Gait characteristics as risk factors for falling from trips induced in older adults
Gait characteristics as risk factors for falling from trips induced in older adults
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DOI：
10.1093/gerona/54.11.m583
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Grabiner, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pavol, MJ;Owings, TM;Grabiner, MD
背景。跌倒是老年人发病率和死亡率的重要来源，其中高达53%的跌倒是由于绊倒。为了帮助预防与旅行有关的跌倒，必须确定增加个人在旅行后跌倒风险的因素。这项研究调查了老年人的步态是否会影响他们在旅行后摔倒的风险。79名健康的、安全的、居住在社区的老年人使用隐蔽的机械障碍物在步态中诱导绊倒。选择的步态运动学特征之间的关联，记录在正常行走期间，并在旅行后跌倒的可能性确定使用逻辑回归。相对于他们的身高而言，走得更快、走得更快或走得更远的老年人在旅行后摔倒的可能性显著增加。步宽，平均躯干弯曲时的步态，酸性的阶段，其中绊倒发生的步态不影响跌倒的可能性。多变量逻辑回归模型基于两个步态特征：步长和步长，正确分类了89.8%的旅行结果。正如从他们的步态特征预测的那样，受试者。作为一个群体，在旅行后摔倒的可能性很低，但个别个体摔倒的可能性很高。健康老年人与旅行相关的跌倒发生率主要取决于旅行的频率，而不是旅行后的恢复能力。老年人可以通过走路时不要匆忙来降低他们在旅行后摔倒的可能性。
Background. Falls are a significant source of morbidity and mortality in older adults, with up to 53% of these falls due to tripping. To aid in preventing trip-related falls, the factors that increase an individual's risk of falling following a trip must be identified. This study investigated whether an older adult's gait influences their risk of falling following a trip.Methods. Trips were induced during gait in 79 healthy, safety-harnessed, community-dwelling older adults using a concealed, mechanical obstacle. Associations between selected gait kinematic characteristics, recorded during normal walking, and the likelihood of falling following the trip were determined using logistic regression.Results. Older adults who walked faster, took more rapid steps, or took longer steps relative to their body height had a significantly increased likelihood of falling following the trip. Step width, average trunk flexion during gait, acid the phase of gait in which the trip occurred did not affect the likelihood of falling. A multivariable logistic regression model correctly classified 89.8% of trip outcomes based on two gait characteristics: step Lime and step length. As predicted from their gait characteristics, the subjects. as a group, had a low likelihood of falling following a trip, bur selected individuals had a high likelihood of falling.Conclusions. The incidence of trip-related falls in healthy older adults is determined primarily by the frequency of tripping and not the ability to recover from a trip. Older adults can reduce their likelihood of falling following a trip by not hurrying while walking.