Thermal impact on the control and the efficiency of the 2010 Toyota Prius hybrid electric vehicle
Thermal impact on the control and the efficiency of the 2010 Toyota Prius hybrid electric vehicle
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DOI：
10.1177/0954407015580217
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Kim;A. Rousseau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Kim;A. Rousseau
自1997年将普锐斯引入日本汽车市场以来，丰田在美国销售了超过100万辆这种混合动力电动汽车，截至2013年，在全球市场销售了300万辆。这款车的市场渗透是成功的，因为它提供了出色的燃油经济性。然而，在恶劣的天气条件下，特别是当天气非常寒冷时，车辆效率的降低还没有被仔细研究。当发动机在电驱动模式下使用期间被冷却时，发动机的燃料效率降低，或者电池的效率在寒冷的天气条件下也降低。尽管热条件对车辆燃料经济性的影响越来越受到重视，但对这些影响的分析尚未广泛进行，因为这种类型的分析需要基于从设计良好的环境室获得的测试结果，该环境室可以模拟不同的热条件。位于阿贡国家实验室的先进动力系统研究设施已经适当地配备了环境热室，并在不同的环境室温（−7 ºC，22 ºC和35 ºC）下测试了2010年丰田普锐斯。根据试验结果，发现控制行为根据热条件发生显著变化。例如，如果发动机冷却液温度低于53 ºC，则控制器强制发动机启动。除了对控制器的热影响外，还使用测试结果分析了动力总成部件的性能退化和车辆的燃油效率水平。虽然这项研究并没有提出一个新的想法，这里提供的信息应该是非常有用的研究人员寻求了解控制器的行为在真实的世界在不同的热条件下。
Since introduction of the Prius to the Japanese automotive market in 1997, Toyota has sold more than 1 million of these hybrid electric vehicles in the USA and 3 million in the worldwide market up to 2013. The market penetration of the vehicle has been successful because it provides outstanding fuel economy. However, the reduction in the vehicle’s efficiency under severe weather conditions, especially when the weather is very cold, has not been carefully investigated. The engine’s fuel efficiency decreases when the engine is cooled during use in the electric drive mode, or the battery’s efficiency is also degraded under cold weather conditions. Whereas the impacts of the thermal conditions on the fuel economies of vehicles are being increasingly emphasized, an analysis of these impacts has not been conducted widely because this type of analysis needs to be based on test results obtained from a well-designed environmental chamber that can simulate different thermal conditions. The Advanced Powertrain Research Facility at Argonne National Laboratory has equipped its environmental thermal chamber appropriately and has tested the 2010 Toyota Prius at different ambient room temperatures (−7 ºC, 22 ºC, and 35 ºC). On the basis of the test results, the findings include the fact that the control behavior changes significantly according to the thermal conditions. For instance, the controller forces the engine to be turned on if the engine coolant temperature is below 53 ºC. In addition to the thermal impacts on the controller, performance degradation of the powertrain components and the fuel efficiency levels of the vehicle are also analyzed using the test results. Although this study does not advance a novel idea, the information provided herein should be very useful to researchers seeking to understand controller behavior in the real world under different thermal conditions.