Ecological Simplification: Human Influences on Riverscape Complexity
Ecological Simplification: Human Influences on Riverscape Complexity
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DOI：
10.1093/biosci/biv120
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Valett, H. Maurice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peipoch, Marc;Brauns, Mario;Valett, H. Maurice
大多数恢复策略的基本原理是，随着自然栖息地的重建，生物多样性随之而来，生态系统的功能和服务也将随之而来。然而，恢复结果的不确定性和频繁失败是经常发生的，并且可能与生态系统特性的复杂性有关。在这里，我们提出生态简化作为人类影响改变生态系统景观复杂性、完整性和生态位多样性之间跨尺度关系的一般机制。为了管理和扭转生态简化的负面影响，研究和管理之间的相互作用必须量化参考的大规模复杂性，以恢复简化的系统，并将这些措施与更精细尺度上量化的生态位多样性联系起来。由于它们与人类社会的历史相互作用，我们使用河流洪泛区作为模型生态系统来回顾简化的原因和后果，并讨论当代恢复如何最大限度地减少简化对河流洪泛区的生物多样性、功能和服务的影响。
The rationale of most restoration strategies is that with reconstruction of natural habitats comes biodiversity, and ecosystem functioning and services will follow suit. Uncertainty and frequent failure in restoration outcomes, however, are recurrent and likely related to the complexity of ecosystem properties. Here, we propose ecological simplification as the general mechanism by which human impacts have modified cross-scale relationships among landscape complexity, integrity, and niche diversity in ecosystems. To manage and reverse the negative effects of ecological simplification, the interplay between research and management must quantify the large-scale complexity of reference to restore simplified systems and to link these measures to niche diversity quantified at finer scales. Because of their historical interaction with human societies, we use riverine floodplains as model ecosystems to review the causes and consequences of simplification and to discuss how contemporary restoration can minimize the effects of simplification on biodiversity, functioning, and services of riverine floodplains.