Alcohol outlet density and harm: Comparing the impacts on violence and chronic harms
Alcohol outlet density and harm: Comparing the impacts on violence and chronic harms
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1465-3362.2010.00251.x
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Livingston, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Livingston, Michael
引言和目的。一些研究以前已经确定了酒精销售点的密度和暴力发生率之间的关系，不同地点的不同类型的销售点与暴力有关。澳大利亚之前的工作仅限于基于警方数据的研究，这些数据容易受到许多偏见的影响。这项研究扩展了之前的工作，利用住院人数作为一种不那么有偏见的结果衡量标准，纳入了14年的纵向设计，并开发了暴力和酒精使用障碍发生率的比较模型。设计与方法。这项研究调查了14年来(n=186)袭击和酒精使用障碍的邮政编码水平住院数据的趋势，以及它们与三种酒精销售点密度的关系。固定效应模型的开发是为了控制邮政编码之间的差异，以及出口密度和发病率的总体趋势。结果。研究结果显示，以饮酒为主要活动的饮酒点(即酒吧)的密度与与袭击有关的住院率呈正相关，而场外饮酒点的密度与酒精使用障碍的发生率呈正相关。讨论和结论。这些发现对维多利亚州的酒精政策有重大影响，特别是指出包装酒精销售点对急性和慢性酒精相关伤害的重大贡献。酒精出口密度和危害：比较暴力和慢性危害的影响。毒品酒精2011版；30：515-523]
Introduction and Aims. A number of studies have previously identified relationships between the density of alcohol outlets and rates of violence, with different types of outlets related to violence in different locations. The previous work in Australia has been limited to studies based on police data, which are subject to numerous biases. This study extends the previous work by utilising hospital admissions as a less biased outcome measure, incorporating a 14 year longitudinal design and by developing comparative models for violence and rates of alcohol use disorders. Design and Methods. The study examines trends in postcode-level hospital admission data for assault and for alcohol use disorders over a 14 year period (n = 186) and their relationship with the density of three kinds of alcohol outlets. Fixed-effects models are developed to control for the differences between postcodes and for the overall trends in outlet density and morbidity rates. Results. The results of this study suggest that the density of alcohol outlets where the main activity is alcohol consumption (i.e. pubs) is positively related to rates of assault-related hospital admissions, while the density of off-premise alcohol outlets is related to the rate of alcohol use disorders. Discussion and Conclusions. These findings have significant implications for alcohol policies in Victoria, in particular pointing to the significant contribution of packaged alcohol outlets to both acute and chronic alcohol-related harm. [Livingston M. Alcohol outlet density and harm: Comparing the impacts on violence and chronic harms. Drug Alcohol Rev 2011;30:515-523]