The Effects of Early Adversity on the Development of Inhibitory Control: Implications for the Design of Preventive Interventions and the Potential Recovery of Function
The Effects of Early Adversity on the Development of Inhibitory Control: Implications for the Design of Preventive Interventions and the Potential Recovery of Function
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4419-1268-8_12
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pears, Katherine C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fisher, Philip A.;Bruce, Jacqueline;Pears, Katherine C.
由于他们暴露于严重的早期逆境和这些不良经历的异质性，寄养儿童是一个重要的人口中，研究压力之间的关联，在潜在的神经系统的改变，以及随后的发展和心理社会的结果。此外，由于美国寄养人口超过50万儿童，这些儿童的需求并不总是由现有的服务提供方案满足，因此有科学和公共政策的理由来开展这项工作。在这一章中，我们描述了一个研究项目的结果，该项目涉及年轻的寄养儿童，主要集中在以下三个方面：研究早期不良经历的维度变化如何与特定的负面发展和心理社会结果相关;识别与这些负面结果相关的神经缺陷;并进行预防性干预的随机临床试验，其双重目标是改善发育和心理社会结果，并检查儿童的恢复或改善功能的潜力。潜在的神经系统本章的重点是我们在这个更大的研究计划的背景下对抑制控制的调查。我们提供了一个概述的研究计划和指导概念模型，总结了研究集中在抑制控制，并讨论这项工作的科学和公共政策的影响。
Because of their exposure to severe early adversity and the heterogeneity of these adverse experiences, foster children are an important population in which to study the associations between stress, alterations in underlying neural systems, and subsequent developmental and psychosocial outcomes. Moreover, inasmuch as the US foster care population numbers over half a million children and the needs of these children are not always met by existing service delivery programs, there are scientific and public policy reasons to pursue this work. In this chapter, we describe the results of a research program involving young foster children that has focused on the following three areas: examining how variations in dimensions of early adverse experiences are associated with specific negative developmental and psychosocial outcomes; identifying neural deficits associated with these negative outcomes; and conducting randomized clinical trials of preventive interventions with dual goals to improve developmental and psychosocial outcomes and examine the potential for recovery of or improved functioning in the underlying neural systems. The specific focus of this chapter is our investigations of inhibitory control within the context of this larger research program. We provide an overview of the research program and guiding conceptual model, summarize the studies focused on inhibitory control, and discuss the implications of this work for science and public policy.