Fourier coefficients of $\times p$-invariant measures

Fourier coefficients of $\times p$-invariant measures
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$ imes p$ 不变测度的傅立叶系数

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发表时间:
2016
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通讯作者:
Huichi Huang
Huichi Huang
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作者:
Huichi Huang

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我们考虑$\mathbb{N}$的子集$A$相对于$\mathbb{N}$的有限子集的序列$\Sigma$的密度$D_\Sigma(A)$、$\overline{D}_\Sigma(A)$和$\underline{D}_\Sigma(A)$,并研究单位圆上遍历、弱混合和强混合$\times p$不变测量的傅立叶系数$\mathbb{T}$。结合这些,我们证明了以下测度刚性结果:在 $\mathbb{T}$ 上,勒贝格测度是唯一满足以下条件之一的非原子 $\times p$ 不变测度: (1) $\mu$ 是遍历的,并且 $\mathbb{N}$ 中存在一个 F\o lner 序列 $\Sigma$ 和一个非零整数 $l$,使得 $\mu$ 为 $\times (p^j+l)$ 对 $\mathbb{N}$ 的子集 $A$ 中的所有 $j$ 不变,其中 $D_\Sigma(A)=1$; (2) $\mu$ 是弱混合,$\mathbb{N}$ 中存在一个 F\o lner 序列 $\Sigma$ 和一个非零整数 $l$,使得 $\mu$ 对于 $\mathbb{N}$ 的子集 $A$ 中的所有 $j$ 具有 $\times (p^j+l)$ 不变性,其中 $\overline{D}_\Sigma(A)>0$; (3) $\mu$ 是强混合的,并且存在一个非零整数 $l$,使得 $\mu$ 对于无穷多个 $j$ 是 $\times (p^j+l)$ 不变。此外,满足(2)或(3)的$\times p$不变测度是狄拉克测度或勒贝格测度。 作为一个应用,我们证明对于$\lim_{n\to\infty}\tau(n)=\infty$在正整数上定义的每个递增函数$\tau$,存在$\mathbb{Z}^+$的乘法半群$S_\tau$,其中包含$p$,使得$|S_\tau\cap[1,n]|\leq (\log_p n)^{\tau(n)}$和勒贝格测度是唯一的非原子遍历 $\times p$ 不变测度,对于 $S_\tau$ 中的所有 $q$ 来说,它是 $\times q$ 不变的。
We consider densities $D_\Sigma(A)$, $\overline{D}_\Sigma(A)$ and $\underline{D}_\Sigma(A)$ for a subset $A$ of $\mathbb{N}$ with respect to a sequence $\Sigma$ of finite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ and study Fourier coefficients of ergodic, weakly mixing and strongly mixing $\times p$-invariant measures on the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$. Combining these, we prove the following measure rigidity results: on $\mathbb{T}$, the Lebesgue measure is the only non-atomic $\times p$-invariant measure satisfying one of the following: (1) $\mu$ is ergodic and there exist a F\o lner sequence $\Sigma$ in $\mathbb{N}$ and a nonzero integer $l$ such that $\mu$ is $\times (p^j+l)$-invariant for all $j$ in a subset $A$ of $\mathbb{N}$ with $D_\Sigma(A)=1$; (2) $\mu$ is weakly mixing and there exist a F\o lner sequence $\Sigma$ in $\mathbb{N}$ and a nonzero integer $l$ such that $\mu$ is $\times (p^j+l)$-invariant for all $j$ in a subset $A$ of $\mathbb{N}$ with $\overline{D}_\Sigma(A)>0$; (3) $\mu$ is strongly mixing and there exists a nonzero integer $l$ such that $\mu$ is $\times (p^j+l)$-invariant for infinitely many $j$. Moreover, a $\times p$-invariant measure satisfying (2) or (3) is either a Dirac measure or the Lebesgue measure. As an application we prove that for every increasing function $\tau$ defined on positive integers with $\lim_{n\to\infty}\tau(n)=\infty$, there exists a multiplicative semigroup $S_\tau$ of $\mathbb{Z}^+$ containing $p$ such that $|S_\tau\cap[1,n]|\leq (\log_p n)^{\tau(n)}$ and the Lebesgue measure is the only non-atomic ergodic $\times p$-invariant measure which is $\times q$-invariant for all $q$ in $S_\tau$.