Women and Environmental Justice : a literature review
Women and Environmental Justice : a literature review
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妇女与环境正义：文献综述
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Weiss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Weiss
环境正义是通过在全体人口中公平公正地分配环境负担以及确保公平地获得和参与用于解决环境问题的机制来实现的。尽管过去环境正义运动主要关注种族问题，并在较小程度上关注基于阶级的不公正，但我们北方妇女健康组织 (WHIN) 相信，对环境问题进行性别分析是实现环境正义的核心。这将确保妇女和女童不会受到气候变化等环境问题的过度影响，并且她们与男性不同的任何需求都将得到充分满足。为了确定气候变化和其他环境问题正在和将会对墨尔本北部地区的妇女和女孩产生的影响，WHIN 正在撰写一份广泛的文献综述，其中涉及与妇女和环境正义相关的许多主题。这些主题包括妇女经济参与的作用；妇女特别容易受到自然灾害和热浪的影响；妇女心理健康与气候变化的关系；农村妇女的具体情况；对老人、儿童和残疾人的影响；和女性的领导力。我们的研究表明，女性受到环境问题的过度影响主要有以下三个原因：因为她们寿命更长、因为她们普遍比男性贫穷、因为女性的社会建构。这些因素与性别歧视、种族主义和年龄歧视等各种形式的歧视相互作用，导致社会条件使妇女面临环境不公正的风险。这些发现有可能激发制定政策，努力平衡目前不公平的环境负担分配。
Environmental justice is realised by the fair and equitable distribution of environmental burdens across the entire population, as well as the ensuring of equitable access to and involvement in the mechanisms used to address environmental issues. Although in the past the environmental justice movement has focused mainly on raceand, to a lesser extent, class-based injustice, we at Women’s Health in the North (WHIN) believe that a gendered analysis of environmental issues is central to achieving environmental justice. This will ensure that women and girls are not disproportionately affected by environmental problems such as those caused by climate change, and that any needs they have that are different to those of men will be adequately addressed. In order to ascertain the effects that climate change and other environmental problems are having and will have on women and girls in Melbourne’s northern region, WHIN is producing a wide-ranging literature review which addresses a number of topics that relate to women and environmental justice. These topics include the role of women’s economic participation; women’s specific vulnerability to natural disasters and heatwaves; the relationship of women’s mental health to climate change; the specific situation of rural women; effects on the elderly, children and disabled; and women’s leadership. Our research has shown that women are unduly affected by environmental problems for three main reasons: because they live longer, because they are generally poorer than men, and because of the social construction of womanhood. The interaction of these factors with forms of discrimination such as sexism, racism and ageism result in social conditions that put women at risk of environmental injustice. These findings have the potential to inspire policy that will work towards equalising the now unfair distribution of environmental burdens.
影响因子：
5
作者：
O'Neill, MS;Zanobetti, A;Schwartz, J
通讯作者：
Schwartz, J