50years of decoding olfaction.
50years of decoding olfaction.
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DOI：
10.1177/2398212818817496
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brennan, Peter A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brennan, Peter A
20 世纪末，意外发现的 G 蛋白偶联化学感应受体大家族彻底改变了我们对嗅觉系统的理解。非选择性嗅觉感觉神经元表达单一嗅觉受体类型并投射到主嗅球中的特定肾小球的发现提供了对主嗅球中气味表征的空间模式的基本见解。使用头部固定的清醒小鼠和光遗传学的研究揭示了肾小球输入时间与嗅周期的重要性以及梨状皮层在气味物体识别中的作用。在 20 世纪 70 年代，主嗅觉系统的气味检测和犁鼻系统的信息素检测之间看似相对简单的二分法被发现由多个子系统组成。它们介导对气味、信息素以及氧气、挥发性尿液成分、肽和蛋白质等多种物质的先天反应。
The identification, in the late 20th century, of unexpectedly large families of G-protein-coupled chemosensory receptors revolutionised our understanding of the olfactory system. The discovery that non-selective olfactory sensory neurons express a single olfactory receptor type and project to a specific glomerulus in the main olfactory bulb provided fundamental insight into the spatial pattern of odour representation in the main olfactory bulb. Studies using head-fixed awake mice and optogenetics have revealed the importance of the timing of glomerular input in relation to the sniff cycle and the role of piriform cortex in odour object recognition. What in the 1970s had appeared to be a relatively simple dichotomy between odour detection by the main olfactory system and pheromone detection by the vomeronasal system has been found to consist of multiple subsystems. These mediate innate responses to odours and pheromones and to substances as diverse as O2, volatile urinary constituents, peptides and proteins.