Biomonitoring Equivalents for selenium
Biomonitoring Equivalents for selenium
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.07.017
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Aylward, Lesa L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hays, Sean M.;Macey, Kristin;Aylward, Lesa L.
硒是人体必需的营养素，其必需性和毒性之间的范围很窄。硒被纳入在体内执行重要功能的几种蛋白质中。硒摄入不足，最显著的影响是克山病，一种儿童地方性心肌病。相反，过量的硒摄入会导致硒中毒，表现为指甲和头发变脆以及胃肠道疾病。因此，已经建立了指导值，以防止硒暴露不足和过量。膳食参考摄入量（DRIs）已被确立为北美营养充足性的标准参考值。为了防止由于暴露于过量的硒而导致的硒中毒，一些政府和非政府机构已经建立了一系列指导值。硒主要通过饮食接触，但监测硒的摄入量是困难的。生物监测是评估和监测硒暴露不足和过量的一种有用手段。然而，为了能够解释硒生物监测数据，需要与DRI和毒性指导值相关的水平。开发了全血、血浆和尿液中硒的生物监测等效物（BE）。与确保足够硒摄入量相关的BE（估计平均需要量--与预防硒中毒相关的BE在全血中为400 - 480 μ g/L，在血浆中为180-230 μ g/L，在尿中为90-110 μ g/L。这些BE值可以被监管机构和公共卫生官员用来解释健康风险背景下的硒生物监测数据。(C)2014爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Selenium is an essential nutrient for human health with a narrow range between essentiality and toxicity. Selenium is incorporated into several proteins that perform important functions in the body. With insufficient selenium intake, the most notable effect is Keshan disease, an endemic cardiomyopathy in children. Conversely, excessive selenium intake can result in selenosis, manifested as brittle nails and hair and gastro-intestinal disorders. As such, guidance values have been established to protect against both insufficient and excessive selenium exposures. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) have been established as standard reference values for nutritional adequacy in North America. To protect against selenosis resulting from exposure to excessive amounts of selenium, several government and non-governmental agencies have established a range of guidance values. Exposure to selenium is primarily through the diet, but monitoring selenium intake is difficult. Biomonitoring is a useful means of assessing and monitoring selenium status for both insufficient and excessive exposures. However, to be able to interpret selenium biomonitoring data, levels associated with both DRIs and toxicity guidance values are required. Biomonitoring Equivalents (BEs) were developed for selenium in whole blood, plasma and urine. The BEs associated with assuring adequate selenium intake (Estimated Average Requirements - EAR) are 100, 80 and 10 mu g/L in whole blood, plasma and urine, respectively. The BEs associated with protection against selenosis range from 400 to 480 mu g/L in whole blood, 180-230 mu g/L in plasma, and 90-110 mu g/L in urine. These BE values can be used by both regulatory agencies and public health officials to interpret selenium biomonitoring data in a health risk context. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.