Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide
Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.gpp3-0019-2018
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Trappetti，Claudia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paton，James C.;Trappetti，Claudia
肺炎链球菌的多糖荚膜是该生物体的主要表面结构，在毒力中发挥着关键作用，主要是通过干扰宿主调理吞噬清除机制。胶囊是当前肺炎球菌疫苗的目标，但目前公认的多糖血清型有 98 种，并且保护严格具有血清型特异性。这些疫苗的广泛使用正在推动携带和疾病血清型流行率的变化。本章总结了关于荚膜的作用及其在发病机制中的调节、荚膜合成机制、血清型差异的遗传基础的最新知识，并提供了对如此多结构不同的荚膜血清型如何进化的见解。这些知识将为不断完善肺炎球菌疫苗接种策略提供信息。
The polysaccharide capsule ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeis the dominant surface structure of the organism and plays a critical role in virulence, principally by interfering with host opsonophagocytic clearance mechanisms. The capsule is the target of current pneumococcal vaccines, but there are 98 currently recognised polysaccharide serotypes and protection is strictly serotype-specific. Widespread use of these vaccines is driving changes in serotype prevalence in both carriage and disease. This chapter summarises current knowledge on the role of the capsule and its regulation in pathogenesis, the mechanisms of capsule synthesis, the genetic basis for serotype differences, and provides insights into how so many structurally distinct capsular serotypes have evolved. Such knowledge will inform ongoing refinement of pneumococcal vaccination strategies.