Discrete geometry for electoral geography
Discrete geometry for electoral geography
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DOI：
10.1016/j.polgeo.2023.103040
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
M. Duchin;B. E. Tenner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Duchin;B. E. Tenner
“紧凑”，或者用形状来代表公平，一直是选区审查的长期主题；形状糟糕的选区通常被标记为滥用权力的例子，被称为不公正的选区划分。重划文献中最流行的紧凑度指标属于一类我们称之为基于轮廓的分数，大量使用面积和周长。这整个类别的地区分数有一些共同的缺点，在这里概述。我们提出了离散形分数的案例，并提供了两个有希望的例子：切割分数和跨越树分数。没有任何形状度量可以单独作为公平的标志，但我们认为，离散度量可以更好地与地理重新划分问题的基础以及最近在法庭上获得重大关注的计算工具相一致。
“Compactness”, or the use of shape as a proxy for fairness, has been a long-running theme in the scrutiny of electoral districts; badly-shaped districts are often flagged as examples of the abuse of power known asgerrymandering. The most popular compactness metrics in the redistricting literature belong to a class of scores that we callcontour-based, making heavy use of area and perimeter. This entire class of district scores has some common drawbacks, outlined here. We make the case fordiscreteshape scores and offer two promising examples: acut scoreand aspanning tree score.No shape metric can work alone as a seal of fairness, but we argue that discrete metrics are better aligned both with the grounding of the redistricting problem in geography and with the computational tools that have recently gained significant traction in the courtroom.