Markedness and subject choice in optimality theory
Markedness and subject choice in optimality theory
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1006335629372
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Aissen, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aissen, J
句法标记中最有力的概括之一是语义角色与人/生命等级的关联，这首先在 Silverstein (1976) 中讨论。本文探讨了西尔弗斯坦的概括如何在语法的形式理论中表达，以及它如何在个体语法中发挥作用。该帐户的重点是人的角色，是在最优理论中发展起来的。其核心是与音韵学相关的两种形式手段：突出音阶的和声对齐以及约束的局部结合。结果表明，调和对齐在涉及句法关系和几个实体维度的尺度上的应用表征了在该领域中起作用的普遍标记关系，并提供了语法构造所需的约束。语言之间的差异可以描述为通用约束排序的差异。
Among the most robust generalizations in syntactic markedness is the association of semantic role with person/animacy rank, discussed first in Silverstein (1976). The present paper explores how Silverstein's generalization might be expressed in a formal theory of grammar, and how it can play a role in individual grammars. The account, which focuses here on the role of person, is developed in Optimality Theory. Central to it are two formal devices which have been proposed in connection with phonology: harmonic alignment of prominence scales, and local conjunction of constraints. It is shown that application of harmonic alignment to scales involving syntactic relations and several substantive dimensions characterizes the universal markedness relations operative in this domain, and provides the constraints necessary for grammar construction. Differences between languages can be described as differences in the ranking of universal constraints.