Stocked-Fish Introgression into Wild Brook Trout Populations Depends on Habitat
Stocked-Fish Introgression into Wild Brook Trout Populations Depends on Habitat
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DOI：
10.1002/tafs.10239
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发表时间：
2020-06-03
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Hare, Matthew P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruce, Spencer A.;Kutsumi, Yuka;Hare, Matthew P.
种群的遗传构成受到无数因素的影响，包括自然和人为的栖息地变化。以前的工作对溪鳟Salvelinus fontinalis的人口结构表明，补充放养渔业增强已经改变了自然的遗传多样性。我们利用11个位点的微卫星分析，以检查超过950溪鳟鱼的遗传结构，采样跨越50个地点，包括孵化场，举行池塘，野生，无库存的沃茨，并在美国纽约州的阿迪朗达克湖和池塘反复放养水体。从这些数据中，我们估计的程度渐渗杂交，测试与景观和放养变量的关联，并测试预测模式的遗传多样性，有效的人口规模和遗传人口结构。广泛重复放养的一个单一的杂交菌株，导致了戏剧性的遗传同质化的溪鳟鱼在整个采样湖泊和池塘。模型选择表明，环境因素比放养强度更重要的是决定的程度，放养鱼类渗入，某些环境条件下可能会使一些人口相对弹性的重复放养活动。已知的，受保护的遗产菌株被确认为大部分未混合，但持有池塘与遗产育雏人口用于补充放养已成为从纳塔尔菌株在两个测试的三个案例。除了了解放养活动对溪鳟鱼种群遗传完整性的影响，这些结果的重要性，我们的研究结果说明了如何目前的遗传技术可以帮助发展的管理实践，是有关物种的保护，支持经济上重要的淡水渔业。
The genetic constitution of populations is affected by myriad factors, including both natural and anthropogenic habitat transformations. Previous work on the population structure of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis has suggested that supplemental stocking for fishery enhancement has transformed natural genetic diversity. We utilized microsatellite analysis of 11 loci to examine the genetic structure of over 950 Brook Trout sampled across 50 locations, including hatcheries; holding ponds; wild, unstocked waters; and repeatedly stocked waterbodies across Adirondack lakes and ponds in New York State, USA. From these data, we estimated the degree of introgressive hybridization, tested for associations with landscape and stocking variables, and tested predicted patterns of genetic diversity, effective population size, and genetic population structure. Widespread repeated stocking of a single hybrid strain has led to the dramatic genetic homogenization of Brook Trout across the sampled lakes and ponds. Model selection indicated that environmental factors were more important than stocking intensity for determining the extent of stocked-fish introgression, and certain environmental circumstances may make some populations relatively resilient to repeated stocking activities. Known, protected heritage strains were confirmed as mostly unadmixed, but holding ponds with heritage brood populations used for supplemental stocking had become differentiated from the natal strains in two of the three cases tested. In addition to the importance of these results for understanding the effects of stocking activities on the genetic integrity of Brook Trout populations, our findings illustrate how current genetic techniques can aid in the development of management practices that are related to the conservation of species supporting economically important freshwater fisheries.