Temporal discounting across three psychiatric disorders: Anorexia nervosa, obsessive compulsive disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
Temporal discounting across three psychiatric disorders: Anorexia nervosa, obsessive compulsive disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
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三种精神疾病的时间贴现：神经性厌食症、强迫症和社交焦虑症。
DOI：
10.1002/da.22586
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Simpson HB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinglass JE;Lempert KM;Choo TH;Kimeldorf MB;Wall M;Walsh BT;Fyer AJ;Schneier FR;Simpson HB
时间折扣指的是奖励随着预期延迟时间的增加而失去价值的趋势。神经性厌食症（AN）的个体表现出较低的时间折扣率，这表明与健康的同龄人相比，他们更倾向于延迟奖励。强迫症（obsessive compulsive disorder， OCD）和社交焦虑障碍（social anxiety disorder， SAD）常与AN共发，焦虑与AN的发展和预后有关。我们研究了在这些潜在的相关疾病中是否存在减少的时间折扣，并探索了时间折扣与跨诊断焦虑之间的关系。196人（健康对照75人）；50强迫症;27一个;（44 SAD）完成了两项时间折扣任务，在这两项任务中，他们在小而早的金钱奖励和大而晚的金钱奖励之间做出选择。两种折现率和折现因子在诊断组之间进行了比较，并检查了与焦虑特征的关联。与HC相比，AN患者的时间折现率降低。OCD和SAD组与HC组无显著差异。在整个样本中，焦虑与折扣减少有关；更焦虑的个体表现出对延迟奖励的更大偏好。我们重复了这些发现，AN个体相对于HC表现出对延迟奖励的偏好增加，而OCD个体与HC没有区别。我们还发现SAD个体与HC个体在折扣方面没有差异。在这个大样本中，焦虑气质的两项测量与时间折扣有关。这些数据提出了关于这一维度特征与精神病理之间关系的新问题。
Temporal discounting refers to the tendency for rewards to lose value as the expected delay to receipt increases. Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) have been found to show reduced temporal discounting rates, indicating a greater preference for delayed rewards compared to healthy peers. Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) commonly co-occur with AN, and anxiety has been related to development and prognosis of AN. We examined whether reduced temporal discounting is present across these potentially related disorders, and explored the relationship between temporal discounting and anxiety trans-diagnostically. One hundred ninety six individuals (75 healthy controls (HC); 50 OCD; 27 AN; 44 SAD) completed two temporal discounting tasks in which they chose between smaller-sooner and larger-later monetary rewards. Two measures of discounting—discount rate and discount factor—were compared between diagnostic groups, and associations with anxious traits were examined. Individuals with AN showed decreased temporal discounting compared to HC. OCD and SAD groups did not differ significantly from HC. Across the sample, anxiety was associated with decreased discounting; more anxious individuals showed a greater preference for delayed reward. We replicated the findings that individuals with AN show an increased preference for delayed reward relative to HC and that individuals with OCD do not differ from HC. We also showed that individuals with SAD do not differ from HC in discounting. Across this large sample, two measures of anxious temperament were associated with temporal discounting. These data raise new questions about the relationship between this dimensional trait and psychopathology.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Guarda, Angela S.;Schreyer, Colleen C.;Moran, Timothy H.
通讯作者：
Moran, Timothy H.
影响因子：
11.3
作者：
Godart, NT;Flament, MF;Fermanian, J
通讯作者：
Fermanian, J
DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2014.10.010
发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Jenks, Charles W.;Lawyer, Steven R.
通讯作者：
Lawyer, Steven R.
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Dombrovski, Alexandre Y.;Szanto, Katalin;Siegle, Greg J.;Wallace, Meredith L.;Forman, Steven D.;Sahakian, Barbara;Reynolds, Charles F., III;Clark, Luke
通讯作者：
Clark, Luke
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Augustine, Adam A.;Larsen, Randy J.
通讯作者：
Larsen, Randy J.