Moral reasoning and the meaning of cancer: Causal explanations of oncologists and patients in southern Mexico
Moral reasoning and the meaning of cancer: Causal explanations of oncologists and patients in southern Mexico
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DOI：
10.1525/maq.1998.12.3.298
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Hunt, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunt, LM
在一项关于墨西哥南部以医院为基础的癌症护理的民族志研究中，肿瘤学家和患者讨论了女性癌症的因果解释，道德主题是其中的一个显著特征。这些解释将一般的生物医学解释与日常预期和经验结合在一起，赋予了原本随意的事件以意义。对案例的分析表明，因果模型包含了关于什么构成美德生活的当地结构，特别是在基于阶级和性别的价值观方面。尽管病人和医生借鉴了类似的道德秩序概念，但他们以不同的方式应用这些概念。因为医生的解释必然是以对象为依据的，他们的因果故事使用了关于不同类别的人(例如，女性，下层阶级)行为的普遍假设。相比之下，患者的解释是以主题为基础的；他们是基于他们个人病史的具体细节。这篇文章考察了医生和病人的不同观点，并提供了生物医学文化如何与特定社区的当地道德结构相结合的说明。
Moral themes were a striking feature of the causal explanations for female cancers discussed by oncologists and patients in an ethnographic study of hospital-based cancer care in southern Mexico. These explanations integrate general biomedical explanations with everyday expectations and experiences, giving meaning to otherwise arbitrary events. Analysis of case examples shows that causal models incorporate local constructs about what constitutes a virtuous life, especially in terms of class- and gender-based values. Although patients and physicians draw on similar concepts of moral order, they apply these constructs in distinct ways. Because physicians' explanations are necessarily framed in terms of object, their causal stories employ generalized presumptions about how categories of persons behave (e.g., women, the lower class). In contrast, patients' explanations are framed in terms of subject; they are based on the specific details of their personal history. The article examines the distinct perspectives of physicians and patients, and provides an illustration of how biomedical culture articulates with the local moral constructs of a particular community.