Spontaneous decay of an excited atom in an absorbing dielectric
Spontaneous decay of an excited atom in an absorbing dielectric
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.60.4094
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Welsch, DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scheel, S;Knöll, L;Welsch, DG
从任意线性Kramers-Kronig介质中电磁场的量子化麦克斯韦方程出发，导出了存在色散和吸收介质时与辐射场共振耦合的二能级原子的海森伯运动方程.将该理论应用于吸收介质中激发态原子的自发衰变问题。计算了Glauber-Lewenstein实腔模型的衰变率，并与最近研究的Clausius-Mosotti虚腔模型[S.谢尔湖Knoll，D. G. Welsch和S. M.巴内特，物理评论A 60，1590（1999）]。结果表明，由于与吸收相关的非辐射衰减，自发衰减的速率敏感地依赖于腔半径，特别是当原子跃迁频率接近介质的吸收带。只有当吸收的影响被完全忽略，是熟悉的局域场校正因子恢复。[S1050-2947（99）03811-1]。
Starting from the quantized version of Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field in an arbitrary linear Kramers-Kronig dielectric, the Heisenbeg equations of motion for a two-level atom resonantly coupled to the radiation field in the presence of dispersive and absorbing dielectric bodies are derived. The theory is applied to the problem of spontaneous decay of excited atoms in absorbing media. The decay rate is calculated for the (Glauber-Lewenstein) real-cavity model, and a comparison with the recently studied (Clausius-Mosotti) virtual-cavity model [S. Scheel, L. Knoll, D.-G. Welsch, and S. M. Barnett, Phys. Rev. A 60, 1590 (1999)] is given. It is shown that owing to nonradiative decay associated with absorption, the rate of spontaneous decay sensitively depends on the cavity radius, particularly when the atomic transition frequency approaches an absorption band of the medium. Only when the effect of absorption is fully disregarded, is the familiar local-field correction factor recovered. [S1050-2947(99)03811-1].