Graphene: New bridge between condensed matter physics and quantum electrodynamics
Graphene: New bridge between condensed matter physics and quantum electrodynamics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ssc.2007.02.043
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Novoselov, K. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katsnelson, M. I.;Novoselov, K. S.
石墨烯是真正二维晶体的第一个例子它只是一层碳原子。石墨烯是一种无带隙半导体，具有独特的电子性质，这是因为石墨烯中的电荷载流子在电子和空穴之间表现出电荷共轭对称性，并且具有类似于超相对论基本粒子的“手性”的内部自由度。它提供了凝聚态物理和量子电动力学（QED）之间意想不到的桥梁。特别地，相对论Zitterbewegung导致在零掺杂极限下电导量子e（2）/ h量级的最小电导率; Klein悖论的概念（相对论粒子的隧穿）提供了对电子通过势垒传播的基本见解;电荷杂质周围的真空极化对于理解石墨烯中的高电子迁移率至关重要;指数定理解释了反常的量子霍尔效应。(c)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Graphene is the first example of truly two-dimensional crystals-it is just one layer of carbon atoms. It turns out to be a gapless semiconductor with unique electronic properties resulting from the fact that charge carriers in graphene demonstrate charge-conjugation symmetry between electrons and holes and possess an internal degree of freedom similar to "chirality" for ultrarelativistic elementary particles. It provides an unexpected bridge between condensed matter physics and quantum electrodynamics (QED). In particular, the relativistic Zitterbewegung leads to the minimum conductivity of the order of conductance quantum e(2) / h in the limit of zero doping; the concept of Klein paradox (tunneling of relativistic particles) provides an essential insight into electron propagation through potential barriers; vacuum polarization around charge impurities is essential for understanding of high electron mobility in graphene; an index theorem explains the anomalous quantum Hall effect. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.