Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic
Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic
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DOI：
10.1021/acsestwater.1c00050
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发表时间：
2021-05-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chen, Junhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fuschi, Claire;Pu, Haihui;Chen, Junhong
SARS-CoV-2是由COVID-19患者散发的，可以在废水中检测到。因此，检测废水中的病毒提供了对社区疾病流行情况的描述。病毒浓度数据可用于监测感染趋势，确定热点，并告知决策者重新开放的努力和指导资源。这一观点旨在阐明废水系统中与SARS-CoV-2相关的现状，以及利用废水收集有用的流行病学数据的机会。首先，通过替代病毒的透镜检查SARS-CoV-2在不同水基质中的存活能力。其次，研究了污水处理工艺对SARS-CoV-2的影响。充分减少病毒和暴露的风险，在废水处理过程中的每个阶段出现的当前标准进行了讨论。第三，分析了基于废水的流行病学（WBE）在管理持续的COVID-19大流行方面的巨大潜力。讨论了对废水或污泥进行SARS-CoV-2检测的研究，并将结果制成表格。最后，对WBE目前的局限性和未来研究的机遇进行了探讨。利用科学界现在拥有的关于WBE的丰富知识，地方政府和私人机构应该考虑进行废水测试。
SARS-CoV-2 is shed by COVID-19 patients and can be detected in wastewater. Thus, testing wastewater for the virus provides a depiction of disease prevalence in a community. Virus concentration data can be utilized to monitor infection trends, identify hot spots, and inform decision makers regarding reopening efforts and directing resources. This perspective aims to shed light on the current situation relating to SARS-CoV-2 in the wastewater system and the opportunity to utilize wastewater to collect useful epidemiological data. First, the survivability of SARS-CoV-2 in different water matrices is examined through the lens of surrogate viruses. Second, the effect of wastewater treatment processes on SARS-CoV-2 is investigated. Current standards for sufficient reduction of the virus and the risk of exposure that arises at each stage in the wastewater treatment process are discussed. Third, the immense potential of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) for managing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is analyzed. Studies that have tested wastewater or sludge for SARS-CoV-2 are discussed, and results are tabulated. Lastly, the current limitations of WBE and opportunities of future research are explored. Using the wealth of knowledge that the scientific community now has about WBE, wastewater testing should be considered by regional governments and private institutions.