Sex-specific stress tolerance, proteolysis, and lifespan in the invertebrate Tigriopus californicus
Sex-specific stress tolerance, proteolysis, and lifespan in the invertebrate Tigriopus californicus
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exger.2019.02.006
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Edmands, Suzanne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Foley, Helen B.;Sun, Patrick Y.;Edmands, Suzanne
因为应激耐受性和寿命是机械和表型相关的，具有较高急性应激耐受性的性别可能也会活得更长。另一方面，应激耐受性和寿命之间的关联可能会因急性耐受性和长期生存之间的权衡而变得复杂。在这里，我们使用桡足类Tigriopus californicus测试的性别差异的压力抵抗力，蛋白水解活性和寿命。与许多模式生物不同，该物种没有性染色体。然而，仍然观察到巨大的性别差异。雌性被发现具有上级耐受性的范围内的急性应激源（高温，高盐度，低盐度，铜和双酚A（BPA））在各种处理，包括不同的人口，纯与杂交，和不同的遮光环境。蛋白水解能力的上调-一种对急性应激反应的分子机制-也被发现是性二态的。在慢性铜暴露，然后是急性热暴露的联合应激处理，蛋白水解能力被抑制的男性。然而，女性，保持了强大的蛋白水解应激反应。虽然女性一贯表现出更大的耐受性，短期的压力，寿命在良性条件下和温和的热应力在很大程度上是相当的两性之间。我们的研究结果表明，在相对温和的条件下，短期应激耐受力并不能预测长期生存。
Because stress tolerance and longevity are mechanistically and phenotypically linked, the sex with higher acute stress tolerance might be expected to also live longer. On the other hand, the association between stress tolerance and lifespan may be complicated by tradeoffs between acute tolerance and long-term survival. Here we use the copepod Tigriopus californicus to test for sex differences in stress resistance, proteolytic activity and longevity. Unlike many model organisms, this species does not have sex chromosomes. However, substantial sex differences were still observed. Females were found to have superior tolerance to a range of acute stressors (high temperature, high salinity, low salinity, copper and bisphenol A (BPA)) across a variety of treatments including different populations, pure vs. hybrid crosses, and different shading environments. Upregulation of proteolytic capacity - one molecular mechanism for responding to acute stress - was also found to be sexually dimorphic. In the combined stress treatment of chronic copper exposure followed by acute heat exposure, proteolytic capacity was suppressed for males. Females, however, maintained a robust proteolytic stress response. While females consistently showed greater tolerance to short-term stress, lifespan was largely equivalent between the two sexes under both benign conditions and mild thermal stress. Our findings indicate that short-term stress tolerance does not predict long-term survival under relatively mild conditions.